H., Architect, Hartford, Conn., writes: "A plumber has set a horizontal 40-gallon boiler over a kitchen range, as per sketch. It takes three hours, with the ample water-back and a hot fire, to provide tepid water at the top of boiler, and consequently at the fixtures, which have a circulating pipe. Hot water is absolutely unobtainable. The pipes are of brass, with ¾-inch bore. The pipe from water-back becomes very hot, but that doesn't affect the water in the boiler.

" I claim that the apparatus will work all right if the boiler is turned upside down. Will it? If not, what would you recommend ?

P. S. - Is there any difference in the hot-water supply from horizontal or from vertical boilers?"

[If the pipes are arranged as shown in your sketch there is nothing in the arrangement that should prevent your getting hot water and securing proper circulation. The trouble is probably due to some stoppage in the pipes, either dirt, shavings, or some other obstruction. To turn the boiler upside down would make no appreciable difference. At any rate, we should first look for the cause of the stoppage in the pipes leading to and from the boiler.

There should not be any difference, other things being the same.]