Material. - A block of pine, 2" high, 1 3/4" wide, and 9" long. Work. - To chisel out a half-model, conforming to the lines given in the plans.

The design, which is that of a common yawl, is divided into spaces, 1" apart, as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2; a b represents the water-line, and c d an arbitrary vertical section through the model.

Fig. 3 gives the full size and form of the model for each inch. The numbers correspond with those of Figs. 1 and 2.

With tracing-paper transfer these curves to cardboard or thin veneers; cut the hollow sides, thus forming templates, which are to be used in testing the work as it progresses.

Mark all around the block pencil-lines 1" apart. Lay off on these lines the vertical heights of each of the spaces on the front and back of the block, and through the points thus obtained draw curves representing the deck. Chisel down the top to these lines, and restore the inch lines on the deck surface.

Lay off on the inch lines of the deck the horizontal widths of each, and, drawing a curve through these, obtain the outer curve of Fig. 2. On the bottom lay off the widths to obtain the inner curve, e, Fig. 2. Saw the inclinations of bow and stern, and mark on the stern end the shape of that part from its template. In order to hold the block its flat side may be fastened with screws to another block and the curved side shaped with the chisel and gouge. When finished, the model may be fastened to a thin hardwood piece, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, making it more ornamental; or, for a better effect, the-block may be built up of 1/2" pieces and thin dark veneers, all glued or screwed together.

Besides testing with the templates, the fingers should be passed lightly over the side, to detect high and irregular places, which must be pared down.

Finish with fine sand-paper held in the fingers.

In practice the boat-builder constructs his models of thin pieces, usually 1/2" thick, dowelled together, so that they may be easily taken apart. After shaping the model the pieces are marked, separated, and the measures obtained from the pieces give him the details with which he makes the curves on the block (Fig. 4, Exercise 36) for bending the ribs.

Ex. 38.

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3