Encyclopedia Of Practical Receipts And Processes | by William B. Dick

Preface

The original design of the compiler of this work was to prepare a collection of popular and domestic receipts, to contain only those whose practical utility had been established, either by actual tria...

Preface. Continued

Observe When searching for anything contained in this book, always refer to the Index, noting the directions given on page 565. The Receipts are classified, as far as practicable, under the headings...

Authorities Quoted And Consulted

American Chemist. American Dispensatory, 6th Edition. American Journal of Science and Arts. Annales de Chimie et de Physique. Beach's American Practice and Family Physician. , Beasley's Drugg...

Definitions

1. Manipulations 1. Manipulations. Under this heading will be found a brief description of the various methods of chemical manipulation, constantly employed in this work. This is deemed ...

Definitions. Part 2

6. Table exhibiting in degrees of Fahrenheit the Boiling Heat of different liquids 6. Table exhibiting in degrees of Fahrenheit the Boiling Heat of different liquids. Ether.............................

Definitions. Part 3

10. Decantation 10. Decantation. The operation of pouring off the clear portion of a liquid from its sediment. This is performed either by gently inclining the vessel, or by means of a sy...

Definitions. Part 4

14. Elutriation 14. Elutriation. In chemistry, the operation of washing insoluble powders with water, to separate them from foreign matter, or the coarser portion. It is usually performed by grinding...

Definitions. Part 5

17. Filtration 17. Filtration. The word filtration is absolutely synonymous with straining; but, in the language of the laboratory, the former is usually applied to the operation of rend...

Definitions. Part 6

18. Gun-cotton as a Filter 18. Gun-cotton as a Filter. Gun-cotton, carefully prepared, is scarcely acted on by the most energetic chemical agents at ordinary temperatures. It may therefo...

Definitions. Part 7

25. Pulverization 25. Pulverization. The reduction of any substance to dust or powder is generally performed by means of a pestle and mortar, or, on a larger scale, by stamping, gri...

Definitions. Part 8

27. Saturation 27. Saturation. A liquid is said to be saturated with some other substance when it ceases to dissolve any more of it. An acid is saturated with an alkali when sufficient o...

Definitions. Part 9

30. Sublimation 30. Sublimation. The process by which volatile solid substances are reduced to the state of vapor by heat, and again condensed in solid form. It differs from ordinary d...

Preparations

Preparations. The following methods of preparing decoctions, extracts, tinctures, etc., are from the best practical sources. Other directions for making extracts, essences, attars, etc., for the speci...

Preparations. Part 2

35. To Prepare Tinctures 35. To Prepare Tinctures. Tinctures are solutions of vegetable and animal drugs, and sometimes of mineral substances, in spirituous liquids. The spirit most commonly employed...

Preparations. Part 3

36. To obtain Tinctures by Infusion, Maceration, and Digestion 36. To obtain Tinctures by Infusion, Maceration, and Digestion. In order to extract the soluble principles of substances which cannot be...

Preparations. Part 4

39. Maceration 39. Maceration. When an infusion is made without the aid of heat it is termed maceration. This takes a much longer time than an infusion, properly so called; it rarely req...

Preparations. Part 5

42. Proportion of Ingredients used for making Tinctures 42. Proportion of Ingredients used for making Tinctures. Tho following are the proportions usually employed for the most important perfume t...

Preparations. Part 6

44. To Prepare Extracts 44. To Prepare Extracts. The process of obtaining an extract of a substance involves two distinct operations: First, the production of a solution of the soluble portion of the...

Preparations. Part 7

45. To obtain Vegetable Juices by-Expression 45. To obtain Vegetable Juices by-Expression. The juices of plants are obtained by bruising the fresh leaves in a marble mortar, or in a mill...

Specific Gravity

Specific Gravity. Specific Gravity is the density of the matter of which any body is composed, compared with the density of another body, assumed as the standard, or 1.000. This standard is pure disti...

Specific Gravity. Continued

49. To find the Specific Gravity of a Liquid or a Gas 49. To find the Specific Gravity of a Liquid or a Gas. Weigh it in a specific gravity bottle, glass flask, or other vessel of known ...

Alcoholmetry

Alcoholmetry. The percentage of absolute alcohol in any spirituous liquid may be given either by volume or weight, but as liquors are sold by measure, not weight, it is generally preferred to know the...

Alcoholmetry. Part 2

55. Table to find the true percentage of Absolute Alcohol 55. Table to find the true percentage of Absolute Alcohol by volume in a liquid at 60 from the observed percentage indicated by a Glass ...

Alcoholmetry. Part 3

56. Table to find the true percentage of Absolute Alcohol / Glass Hydrometer 56. Table to find the true percentage of Absolute Alcohol in a liquid of any temperature from the observed percentage indi...

Alcoholmetry. Part 4

57. Table of Comparison between the per cent, of Alcohol by volume at 60 (Tralles') and per cent, by weight 57. Table of Comparison between the per cent, of Alcohol by volume at 60 (Tralles...

Alcoholmetry. Part 5

58. Gendar's Hydrometer 58. Gendar's Hydrometer. Annexed we give a comparative view of the scales of Tralles and Gendar, the former used by the revenue officers of the United States for imported liqu...

Alcoholmetry. Part 6

59. Tralles' Table of Percentage of Alcohol 59. Tralles' Table of Percentage of Alcohol. When the temperature of the spirit is 60 Fah., the first column of the table on page 26 gives at once the...

Alcoholmetry. Part 7

60. Table for reducing the strength of Alcohol 60. Table for reducing the strength of Alcohol. The following Table given by Booth, shows the quantity of water that must be added to alcohol of a given...

Alcoholmetry. Part 8

61. Baum'es Hydrometer for Liquids Lighter than Water 61. Baum'es Hydrometer for Liquids Lighter than Water. In Baum'e's hydrometer for liquids lighter than water, the instrument is pois...

Alcoholmetry. Part 9

63. Baum'e's Hydrometer for Liquids Heavier than Water 63. Baum'e's Hydrometer for Liquids Heavier than Water. In the hydrometer for liquids heavier than water, the position of the fixed...

Degrees of Baum'e

Degrees of Baum'e. 66. To Convert Degrees Baum'e into Specific Gravity 66. To Convert Degrees Baum'e into Specific Gravity. I. For liquids heavier than water. - Subtract the degree o...

Acetimetry

Acetimetry. The art of deter-mining the strength of acetic acid and vinegar. Several methods arc employed for the purpose, based onthe quantity of acid required for saturation;- the specific gr...

Acetimetry. Continued

74. To find the strength of Acetic Acid by Saturation without an Acidimeter 74. To find the strength of Acetic Acid by Saturation without an Acidimeter. The foregoing method can also be ...

Acidimetry

Acidimetry. The estimation of the quantity of an acid contained in any given sample. The methods used are founded chiefly on the capacity of acids to saturate or neutralize alkaline bases; and, in...

Acidimetry. Continued

81. Table of Equivalents of Acids 81. Table of Equivalents of Acids. This table is based on the foregoing table of alkalis; so that, for instance, 1 equivalent (17 grains) of pure ammoni...

Alkalimetry

Alkalimetry. The method of estimating the strength of alkalis. The processes used are the same as in acidimetry; only that the unknown quantity sought is an alkali, and the test applied is an acid....

The Thermometer

The Thermometer. In Fahrenheit's Thermometer, which is universally employed in this country and Great Britain, the freezing point of water is placed at 32, and the boiling point at 212 and t...

The Art of Dyeing

The Art of Dyeing. The art of fixing coloring matters uniformly and permanently in the fibres of wool, silk, linen, cotton, and other substances. Dyeing is a chemical process, and the mode of its perf...

The Art of Dyeing. Part 2

95. To prepare Annotto 95. To prepare Annotto. Into 2 gallons of water put 1 pound of Annotto, 4 ounces of pearlash, and 2 ounces of soft soap, and apply heat, stirring until the whole i...

The Art of Dyeing. Part 3

102. To make Caustic Soda 102. To make Caustic Soda. For every gallon water add 1 pound soda ash, or 2 pounds crystallized soda (washing soda); boil and proceed by adding slaked lime, an...

The Art of Dyeing. Part 4

109. Yellow Spirits 109. Yellow Spirits are prepared in the same way, only substituting sulphuric acid for the nitric acid. This is used for the same purposes as red spirits, with the advantage of th...

The Art of Dyeing. Part 5

116. Nitrate of Iron 116. Nitrate of Iron is used in the dye-house for various purposes. Its principal use is for dyeing Prussian Blue, and is obtained as follows : Take 4 parts nitric a...

The Art of Dyeing. Part 6

121. To make Solutions for Dyeing 121. To make Solutions for Dyeing. In making solutions of copperas, blue stone, chrome, etc.., there is no fixed rule to be followed. A quantity of the ...

The Art of Dyeing. Part 7

125. To Bleach Cotton Cloth 125. To Bleach Cotton Cloth. After undergoing the rot steep, boil for 3 hours in caustic lye, of the strength of 1 gill of stock lye (see No. 101 (To make Cau...

The Art of Dyeing. Part 8

130. Indigo Blue Dye for Yarn 130. Indigo Blue Dye for Yarn. The vats used for dyeing indigo blue are usually wine pipes or other large casks, sunk in the ground to a depth convenient fo...

The Art of Dyeing. Part 9

133. Royal Blue 133. Royal Blue. This is dyed in the same manner as Napoleon Blue, but the liquors are stronger - using 2 pints iron solution, 2 gills hydrochloric acid, and 4 ounces tin...

The Art of Dyeing. Part 10

139. Jet Black 139. Jet Black. The goods are dyed in the same manner as the last receipt; but along with the logwood is added 1 pound fustic. In both the above receipts if 3 pints iron ...

The Art of Dyeing. Part 11

147. Catechu Brown 147. Catechu Brown. Work the goods at a boiling heat for 2 hours in 2 pounds of catechu prepared according to No. 96; wring out, and then work for half an hour in a ho...

The Art of Dyeing. Part 12

155. Scarlet 155. Scarlet. For 1 pound of goods, boil 13/4 ounces cream of tartar in water in a block-tin vessel; add 13/4 ounces tin spirits, made according to the first receipt in N...

The Art of Dyeing. Part 13

162. Fustic Green on Cloth 162. Fustic Green on Cloth. Work the goods in red liquor (see No. 100 (To make Red Liquor)) diluted to 4 Baum'e, and dry in a hot chamber; then wet in hot...

The Art of Dyeing. Part 14

169. Lilac or Puce 169. Lilac or Puce. Work for an hour in red spirits (see No. 108 (Red Spirits)) at 11/2 Baum'e; wring out and wash; then work half an hour in a decoction of 3 po...

The Art of Dyeing. Part 15

178. Olive Drab 178. Olive Drab. Work for 15 minutes in 1/2 pound sumach; lift, and add 1 ounce copperas, and work 15 minutes more; wash in water, then work for 20 minutes in water with ...

The Art of Dyeing. Part 16

187. Deep Amber Yellow 187. Deep Amber Yellow. Put into a tub of water 1 pound acetate of lead, and to this add gradually caustic potassa or soda, until the precipitate formed be re-...

The Art of Dyeing. Part 17

190. Violet 190. Violet. Dye a turkey red (see No. 189 (French Process for Dyeing Turkey-Red)), and then pass through the blue vat. (See No. 130 (Indigo Blue Dye for Yarn).) 191. ...

The Art of Dyeing. Part 18

195. Crimson 195. Crimson. Work in a bath for one hour with 1 pound cochineal paste, 6 ounces dry cochineal, 1 pound tartar, and 1 pint pro-tochloride (single chloride) of tin; wash ...

The Art of Dyeing. Part 19

203. Orange 203. Orange. Work for 40 minutes in 2 pounds sumach, 3 ounces dry cochineal, 1 pound fustic, 8 ounces tartar, and 1 pint red spirits (see No. 108 (Red Spirits)); wash and ...

The Art of Dyeing. Part 20

214. Properties of Dye-woods 214. Properties of Dye-woods. Peach-wood reddens, madder gives the drab tint, fustic supplies yellowness, and logwood induces a slate hue. 215. Stone ...

The Art of Dyeing. Part 21

221. Chrome Dyes for Woolen Goods 221. Chrome Dyes for Woolen Goods. The quantities given in the following receipts are for dyeing 5 pounds of woolen goods, unless otherwise stated. It must be ...

The Art of Dyeing. Part 22

229. Purple 229. Purple. Work the goods half an hour in a bath with 1 ounce bichromate of potassa, 1 ounce alum; lift out and wash in cold water; and then work half an hour in a bath ...

The Art of Dyeing. Part 23

234. Black 234. Black. Work for an hour in a solution of 8 ounces copperas; wash well out in cold water; then work in a decoction of 4 pounds logwood, adding to it \ pint chamber ...

The Art of Dyeing. Part 24

242. Red Brown 242. Red Brown. Dye a deep annotto orange (see No. 159 (Annotto Orange)); then work for 15 minutes in plumb liquor (see No. Ill); wash well and dry. Particular tints can ...

The Art of Dyeing. Part 25

250. Mixture for Dyeing Common Reds 250. Mixture for Dyeing Common Reds. Make a strong decoction by boiling 1 pound limawood or brazilwood to each gal-on of water. Let the wood ...

The Art of Dyeing. Part 26

257. Royal Blue 257. Royal Blue. Into a vessel of cold water add 2 pints nitrate of iron; then take 1 pint water and 1/2 pint of hydrochloric acid, and add to it 3 ounces crystals of ...

The Art of Dyeing. Part 27

262. Violet, Lilac, Wine Color, etc. 262. Violet, Lilac, Wine Color, etc.. Work the goods for 20 minutes in plumb liquor (see No. Ill) in a copper pan or stoneware vessel; wash out ...

The Art of Dyeing. Part 28

271. Orange 271. Orange. Work the silk for 15 minutes in a strong warm solution of annotto (see No. 95 (To prepare Annotto)); wash out in warm water and dry. 272. Yellow Drab 272.&...

The Art of Dyeing. Part 29

280. Bottle Green 280. Bottle Green. Proceed exactly as for common green (see No. 276 (Common Green)) with the addition of 1 pound logwood to the 6 pounds fustic. The addition of a ...

The Art of Dyeing. Part 30

287. To Dye Mixed Fabrics one Color 287. To Dye Mixed Fabrics one Color. If the mixed fabrics are required to be dyed one uniform color, the double process has often to be adopted, ...

Goods

Goods. First dye the woolen according to No. 192; then, after steeping the goods in sumach, dye the cotton by receipt No. 139. 289. Brown on Cotton and Woolen Goods by one Process 289. &nbs...

Goods. Continued

297. To Detect Cotton in Linen 297. To Detect Cotton in Linen. Take a small piece of the cloth, boil in water and dry; then take 3 parts, by weight, of sulphuric acid, and 2 parts of ...

Family Dyeing Receipts

Family Dyeing Receipts. The following receipts and directions are excellent for dyeing on a small scale, and especially adapted for family use. The ingredients required can be obtained at any color st...

Family Dyeing Receipts. Part 2

310. Fawn Drab for Silk 310. Fawn Drab for Silk. Hot water, 1 gallon; annotto liquor (see No. 95 (To prepare Annotto)), 1 wine-glassful; 2 ounces each of sumach and fustic. Add copperas ...

Family Dyeing Receipts. Part 3

320. Plum Color for Worsted, Silk or Cotton 320. Plum Color for Worsted, Silk or Cotton. Water, 1 gallon; sulphuric acid, 1 tea-spoonful; glauber salts, in crystals, 2 table-spoonfuls; ...

Family Dyeing Receipts. Part 4

333. Aniline Blue 333. Aniline Blue. To 100 pounds of fabric dissolve 11/4 pounds aniline blue in 3 quarts hot alcohol; strain through a filter and add it to a bath of 130 Pah.; ...

To Remove Stains, Spots, etc

To Remove Stains, Spots, etc.. The following receipts embrace directions for cleaning, and removing stains of every kind, from clothing, linen, etc., and articles pertaining to the household. Receipts...

To Remove Stains, Spots, etc. Part 2

342. To Remove Wax Spots from Cloth 342. To Remove Wax Spots from Cloth. Remove, by scraping with a knife, as much of the wax as you can without injury to the fabric; drop benzine on ...

To Remove Stains, Spots, etc. Part 3

347. To Remove Grease from Cloth 347. To Remove Grease from Cloth. Take 1 quart lime; add thereto as much water as will dissolve the lime and leave about 1 quart clear water after it ...

To Remove Stains, Spots, etc. Part 4

353. To Remove Grease Spots from Silk 353. To Remove Grease Spots from Silk. Grease spots may be taken from silks in the following manner: Upon a wooden table lay a piece of woolen ...

To Remove Stains, Spots, etc. Part 5

360. Methods of Removing Various Stains 360. Methods of Removing Various Stains. Fruit-stains, wine-stains, and those made by colored vegetable juices, are often near-ly indelible, and ...

To Remove Stains, Spots, etc. Part 6

363. The Choice of Re-Agents for Restoring Color 363. The Choice of Re-Agents for Restoring Color. The choice of re-agents is not a matter of indifference; vegetable acid (Decolorized ...

To Remove Stains, Spots, etc. Part 7

369. To Remove Claret or Port Wine Stains 369. To Remove Claret or Port Wine Stains. Apply a little table salt to the spot stained, and also moisten it with sherry. After washing, no ...

To Remove Stains, Spots, etc. Part 8

376. To Remove Iron Mould 376. To Remove Iron Mould. The part stained should be remoistened with ink, and this removed by the use of muriatic acid diluted with 5 or 6 times its weight ...

To Remove Stains, Spots, etc. Part 9

383. To Extract Mildew 383. To Extract Mildew. Mix soft soap with powdered starch, half as much salt, and the juice of a lemon, and lay on with a brush. Let it lay on the grass day and ...

To Remove Stains, Spots, etc. Part 10

389. To take Ink Stains out of Mahogany 389. To take Ink Stains out of Mahogany. Put a few drops of spirits of nitre (nitric acid) in a tea-spoonful of water, touch the spot with a ...

To Remove Stains, Spots, etc. Part 11

398. How to Clean Marble 398. How to Clean Marble. The following is an excellent way of cleaning marble: First, brush the dust off the piece to be cleaned, then apply with a brush a ...

To Remove Stains, Spots, etc. Part 12

405. To Remove the Varnish from Oil Paintings, etc. 405. To Remove the Varnish from Oil Paintings, etc.. Varnish and dirt can be removed by washing over with a weak solution of ...

To Remove Stains, Spots, etc. Part 13

410. To take Grease Stains out of Wall Papers 410. To take Grease Stains out of Wall Papers. Oil marks, and marks where people have rested their heads, can be taken from the paper on ...

To Remove Stains, Spots, etc. Part 14

417. To Clean Looking Glasses 417. To Clean Looking Glasses. Take part of a newspaper, fold it small, dip it in a basin of clean cold water, and when it is thoroughly wet squeeze ...

To Remove Stains, Spots, etc. Part 15

422. To Preserve Knives and Forks in Good Condition 422. To Preserve Knives and Forks in Good Condition. Wipe the knives and forks as soon as possible after being used, as the longer ...

To Remove Stains, Spots, etc. Part 16

427. To Scour Boards 427. To Scour Boards. Lime, 1 part; sand, 3 parts; soft soap, two parts. Lay a little on the boards with a scrubbing-brush, and rub thoroughly. Rinse with clean ...

To Remove Stains, Spots, etc. Part 17

435. To Clean Paint 435. To Clean Paint. There is a very simple method to clean paint that has become dirty, and if our housewives should adopt it, it would save them a great deal of ...

To Remove Stains, Spots, etc. Part 18

440. To Re-Distill and Purify Benzine 440. To Re-Distill and Purify Benzine that has been used for Cleaning Kid Gloves. If the operation of distilling the benzine is disagreeable to the glove maker, ...

To Remove Stains, Spots, etc. Part 19

441. To Refine Ox-gall for Fixing Chalk and Pencil Drawings, and Removing Grease 441. To Refine Ox-gall for Fixing Chalk and Pencil Drawings, and Removing Grease. Allow fresh ox-gall to ...

To Remove Stains, Spots, etc. Part 20

444. To Clean Carpets 444. To Clean Carpets. Carpets may be cleaned as follows: Take them up and shake and beat them, so as to render them perfectly free from dust. Have ...

To Remove Stains, Spots, etc. Part 21

447. To Sweep Carpets 447. To Sweep Carpets. Before applying the broom, scatter over the carpet the refuse tea-leaves from the tea-pot. These should be set apart and saved in a pot kept ...

To Remove Stains, Spots, etc. Part 22

451. To Clean Worsted Reps 451. To Clean Worsted Reps. Worsted rep sofas, and worsted furniture of any kind, are freshened by dusting damp Indian meal over them, and rubbing off with a ...

To Remove Stains, Spots, etc. Part 23

455. To Clean White Satin Shoes 455. To Clean White Satin Shoes. White satin shoes may be cleaned by rubbing them with stone blue and flannel, and afterwards cleaning them with bread. ...

To Remove Stains, Spots, etc. Part 24

461. To Raise the Nap on Cloth 461. To Raise the Nap on Cloth. Soak in cold water for 1/2 an hour, then put on a board, and rub the threadbare parts with a half-worn hatter's card, ...

To Remove Stains, Spots, etc. Part 25

467. To Wash White Silk Stockings 467. To Wash White Silk Stockings. Heat some rain or soft water, and while on the fire cut into it slices of good yellow soap, to make a lather; put ...

To Remove Stains, Spots, etc. Part 26

472. To Wash White Silk Lace or Blond 472. To Wash White Silk Lace or Blond. Take a black bottle covered with clean linen or muslin, and wind the blond round it (securing the ends with ...

To Remove Stains, Spots, etc. Part 27

476. To Stiffen Silk for Trimmings 476. To Stiffen Silk for Trimmings. Sponge the surface of the silk with a weak solution of gum arabic, or with equal parts of ale and water, and iron, ...

To Remove Stains, Spots, etc. Part 28

480. Bingham's Patent Wash Mixture 480. Bingham's Patent Wash Mixture. Take 5 pounds of bar soap, shave fine, add 1 quart of lye, 1/4 ounce pearlash, dissolved over a slow fire. When ...

To Remove Stains, Spots, etc. Part 29

486. To Wash Colored Muslins 486. To Wash Colored Muslins. In washing colored muslins and linens, there are several very essential points to be observed, whereby the colors are ...

To Remove Stains, Spots, etc. Part 30

489. To Prepare Ox-gall for Washing Colored Articles 489. To Prepare Ox-gall for Washing Colored Articles. Empty the gall in a bottle, put in it a handful of salt, and keep it closely ...

To Remove Stains, Spots, etc. Part 31

494. To Shrink Flannel 494. To Shrink Flannel. Flannel should be soaked in cold hard water before making, and hung up to drain and dry without any squeezing or handling in the ...

To Remove Stains, Spots, etc. Part 32

499. To Make Starch for Colored Articles 499. To Make Starch for Colored Articles. For starching muslins, ginghams, and calicoes, dissolve and add to every pint of starch, a piece of ...

To Remove Stains, Spots, etc. Part 33

504. To Restore Scorched Linen 504. To Restore Scorched Linen. It is almost needless to premise that if the tissue of linen is so much burnt that no strength is left, it is useless to ...

To Remove Stains, Spots, etc. Part 34

508. How to Whiten Flannel and Woolen Hose 508. How to Whiten Flannel and Woolen Hose. Wet the flannel yarn or hose (whatever you wish to whiten) in weak suds; wring out. Then ...

To Remove Stains, Spots, etc. Part 35

516. To Remove Copper Spots from Marble 516. To Remove Copper Spots from Marble. Copper spots may be removed by diluted sulphuric acid and ammonia, and subsequently with water and ...

The Art of Soap-Making

The Art of Soap-Making. Soap is a chemical combination of a fatty substance with caustic lye, the base of which is either potash or soda; the former producing soft, and the latter, hard soaps. 519....

The Art of Soap-Making. Part 2

522. Common Yellow Soap 522. Common Yellow Soap. Common yellow hard soap consists of soda, with oil or fat and resin. Resin is a feeble acid, capable of combining with alkali, but ...

The Art of Soap-Making. Part 3

530. To Deodorize Fat for Making Perfumed Soap 530. To Deodorize Fat for Making Perfumed Soap. Boil for 10 minutes 100 pounds of the fat with about 35 pounds water containing 6 ounces ...

The Art of Soap-Making. Part 4

536. To Preserve Grease 536. To Preserve Grease. Boil all the scraps, rinds, and bones, in a weak lye, and the purer grease in clear water. Let the mixture cool, take off the cake of ...

The Art of Soap-Making. Part 5

540. Tallow Resin Soap 540. Tallow Resin Soap. About 15 per cent, of resin can be mixed with tallow without injuring the color and firmness of the soap. A larger proportion deteriorates ...

The Art of Soap-Making. Part 6

546. Chemical Soap 546. Chemical Soap. Powdered fuller's earth, 1 ounce; just moisten with spirits of turpentine; add salt of tartar, 1 ounce; best potash, 1 ounce; work the whole into ...

The Art of Soap-Making. Part 7

551. To Make Home-made Soap 551. To Make Home-made Soap. Fill an iron kettle two-thirds full of the concentrated lye prepared according to the last receipt; add to it melted fat, ...

Toilet Soaps

Toilet Soaps. To this class belong the finer kinds of scented soaps, which have emollient properties. They are rarely made direct by the perfumer, the body or basis being a well-selected white soap, s...

Toilet Soaps. Part 2

556. To Marble Soap 556. To Marble Soap. The mottled or marble appearance is usually given to soap, on the large scale, by watering the nearly finished soap with a strong lye of crude ...

Toilet Soaps. Part 3

563. Rose Soap 563. Rose Soap. This is made from a mixture of olive oil soap, 60 pounds; and curd soap, 40 pounds; colored with 1 pound of finely bolted vermilion. The perfume ...

Toilet Soaps. Part 4

570. Glycerine Soap 570. Glycerine Soap. Any mild toilet soap (as the basis of bouquet, rose, or Windsor soap) with which about 1/25 to 1/20 of its weight of Price's glycerine has been ...

Toilet Soaps. Part 5

576. Mottled Soap Balls 576. Mottled Soap Balls. Cut the soap (recently prepared, and not too dry) into dice, or small square pieces, roll them in colored powder (see below), and then ...

Soap by the Cold Process

Soap by the Cold Process. Although the commoner kinds of soap are usually made by boiling, they can be made by the cold process if desired; and the fatty substances employed are substantially the same...

Soap by the Cold Process. Part 2

587. To Find the Percentage of Carbonated Alkali in a Caustic Soda or Pot-ash 587. To Find the Percentage of Carbonated Alkali in a Caustic Soda or Pot-ash. Dissolve 100 grains of the ...

Soap by the Cold Process. Part 3

590. To Test Lye 590. To Test Lye. In testing the strength of lyes with a hydrometer, an exact result could be obtained if the caustic alkali employed by soap-makers and dyers ...

Soap by the Cold Process. Part 4

598. Washing Soap 598. Washing Soap. A mixture of either 60 pounds tallow - or 30 pounds each of tallow and palm oil - with 40 pounds of cocoa-nut oil, treated by the cold process with ...

Soft Soaps

Soft Soaps. These differ from the hard soaps in having potash in place of soda as their alkaline base. They are all more or less pasty or gelatinous; and they may be made either by the boiling or cold...

Soft Soaps. Part 2

608. To Make Good Common Soft Soap 608. To Make Good Common Soft Soap. For a barrel of soap take 12 pounds of potash to 14 pounds of grease. Dissolve the potash over night in 2 pailfuls ...

Soft Soaps. Part 3

612. To Make Soft Soap 612. To Make Soft Soap. Break up 8 pounds potash into small lumps, and put it into an iron pot with about 3 gallons boiling water; melt in another iron pot 8 ...

Soft Soaps. Part 4

618. To Test Soap 618. To Test Soap. The readiest way to find whether soap will injure the delicate skin of women or children is to test it with the tongue. Good soap, in which ...

Soft Soaps. Part 5

624. Table showing the different Areo-metric Degrees 624. Table showing the different Areo-metric Degrees resulting from a mixture of 10 pounds of soda lye, of 36 degrees Baum'e, with quantities of ...

Soft Soaps. Part 6

626. Table showing the different Areo-metric Degrees 626. Table showing the different Areo-metric Degrees resulting from a mixture of 10 pounds of soda lye, of 30 degrees Baum'e, with quantities of ...

Soft Soaps. Part 7

628. Schiff's Table 628. Schiff's Table, showing the percentage of Crystallized and Anhydrous Soda in Solutions of Carbonate of Soda. Specific Weight. Per cent, of Crystallized Soda. ...

Soft Soaps. Part 8

629. Table showing the percentage of Anhydrous Potassa in Caustic Po-tassa Lye 629. Table showing the percentage of Anhydrous Potassa in Caustic Po-tassa Lye. Specific Gravity. Potassa ...

To Make Home-made Tallow Candles

To Make Home-made Tallow Candles. Tallow candles are made in. two different forms; the mould candle is the easiest to make, but involves the expense of a mould made expressly for the purpose; the di...

Tanning

Tanning. When the skin of an animal, carefully deprived of hair, fat, and other impurities, is immersed in a dilute solution of tannic acid, the animal matter gradually combines with the acid as it pe...

Tanning. Part 2

646. To Tan Sheep's Pelts with the Wool On 646. To Tan Sheep's Pelts with the Wool On. Wash the pelts in warm water, and remove all fleshy matter from the inner surface; then clean the ...

Tanning. Part 3

650. To Clean Furs 650. To Clean Furs. Furs may be cleaned as follows: - Strip the fur articles of their stuffing and binding, and lay them as much as possible in a flat position. ...

Tanning. Part 4

655. To Clean Ostrich Feathers 655. To Clean Ostrich Feathers. Cut some white curd soap in small pieces, pour boiling water on them, and add a little pearlash. When the ...

Imitation Liquors

Imitation Liquors. The li-quors generally met with for sale and consumption are, it is well known, rarely genuine; and even if genuine, are often adulterated with water and various deleterious compoun...

Imitation Liquors. Part 2

675. How to Prepare Essence of Cognac 675. How to Prepare Essence of Cognac. Take 1 ounce oil cognac - the green oil is the best; put it in 1/2 gallon 95 per cent, spirits. Cork ...

Imitation Liquors. Part 3

680. Imitation Brandy 680. Imitation Brandy. Take 40 gallons French spirit; add to it 1 pint tincture of raisins (see No. 665 (Raisin Flavoring for Liquors)), 1 quart prune flavoring (...

Imitation Liquors. Part 4

687. Imitation Copper - Distilled Bourbon Whiskey 687. Imitation Copper - Distilled Bourbon Whiskey. Dissolve 1 drachm sulphate of copper in 1/2 pint water, filter, and add it to 40 gallons proof ...

Imitation Liquors. Part 5

695. To Plaster Brandy Pipes 695. To Plaster Brandy Pipes. First notch over the bottom of the casks with a hatchet or adze; then, for the bottom of a 1/8 pipe mix 1/4 gallon plaster ...

Imitation Liquors. Part 6

703. To Make Spirit Finings 703. To Make Spirit Finings. Pulverize 1 pound ordinary crystals of alum, divide into 12 equal portions, and put up in blue papers marked No 1. Next take 6 ...

Imitation Liquors. Part 7

710. To Make Rum Punch 710. To Make Rum Punch. Dissolve in 1 pint 95 per cent, alcohol, 3 drachms oil of lemon, and 1/2 drachm oil of cloves; infuse 3 ounces ground allspice for 10 days ...

Champagne

Champagne. The process of ma-Viking American and imitation French champagne is one requiring great care, especially in producing a not only clear, but bright wine. Full directions are given below for ...

Champagne. Continued

718. To Charge Champagne with Gas 718. To Charge Champagne with Gas. Matthews' apparatus is the one usually adopted in the United States for generating the gas and charging ...

Home-Made Wines

Home-Made Wines. The various processes in domestic wine-making resemble those employed for foreign wine, and depend upon the same principles. The fruit should be preferably gathered in fine weather, a...

Home-Made Wines. Part 2

729. General Receipt for Making Wine from Dry Saccharine Fruit 729. General Receipt for Making Wine from Dry Saccharine Fruit. I. Dry fruit, 41/2 pounds; soft water, 1 gallon; cream of ...

Home-Made Wines. Part 3

733. Honey or Mead Wine 733. Honey or Mead Wine. Honey, 20 pounds; cider, 12 gallons; ferment, then add rum, 1/2 gallon; brandy, 1/2 gallon; red or white tartar (dissolved), 6 ounces; ...

Home-Made Wines. Part 4

735. Ripe Gooseberry Wine 735. Ripe Gooseberry Wine. Put the ripe and well picked red gooseberries into a tub or pan, bruise the fruit well, and leave it uncovered for 24 hours. Squeeze ...

Home-Made Wines. Part 5

740. Simple Receipt for Making Grape Wine 740. Simple Receipt for Making Grape Wine. Put 20 pounds of ripe, fresh-picked, and well selected grapes into a stone jar, and pour on ...

Home-Made Wines. Part 6

742. To Fine Wine Difficult to Clarify, or Thick in Consequence of an Imperfect Fermentation 742. To Fine Wine Difficult to Clarify, or Thick in Consequence of an Imperfect Fermentation....

Home-Made Wines. Part 7

748. To Decolor Wine 748. To Decolor Wine. The color of wine is subject to change; naturally it is precipitated by age and exposure to the light; artificially it is removed by the ...

Home-Made Wines. Part 8

751. To Remedy Sour Wine 751. To Remedy Sour Wine. The souring of wine is produced by various circumstances, sometimes from its having been kept in a warm cellar where it has been ...

Home-Made Wines. Part 9

756. Remedy for Decomposition in Wines 756. Remedy for Decomposition in Wines. As soon as discovered add tartaric acid in the proportion of 13/4 ounces to every 20 gallons of the wine, ...

Home-Made Wines. Part 10

761. Parent's Method of Preserving Wine 761. Parent's Method of Preserving Wine. This consists in the addition of a small quantity of tannin or tannic acid to the wine, which perhaps ...

Cordials or Liqueurs

Cordials or Liqueurs. The materials employed in the preparation of cordials are rain or distilled water, white sugar, and clean, perfectly flavorless spirit. To these may be added the substances from ...

Cordials or Liqueurs. Part 2

771. To Make Curacoa 771. To Make Curacoa. Slice the outside peel very thin from 60 bitter oranges; infuse for 15 days with 4 drachms bruised cinnamon, and 2 drachms bruised mace, in 5 ...

Cordials or Liqueurs. Part 3

777. Curacao 777. Curacao. 2 ounces each essence of bitter oranges and neroli; 1/4 ounce essence of cinnamon; 3 drachms mace infused in alcohol. Dissolve the above essences in 1 gallon ...

Cordials or Liqueurs. Part 4

786. Imperial Peach Brandy 786. Imperial Peach Brandy. Take 41/2 ounces powdered bitter almonds, 31/4 gallons of 95 per cent, alcohol, 51/4 gallons of water. Mix together, and ...

Cordials or Liqueurs. Part 5

794. To make Cherry Bounce (Second Quality) 794. To make Cherry Bounce (Second Quality). To 12 gallons cherry juice, add 30 gallons 80 per cent, spirit; 30 gallons Catalonia or ...

Cordials or Liqueurs. Part 6

798. Absinthe by Distillation 798. Absinthe by Distillation. This is made in the same manner as in the former receipt, with the following ingredients: - 40 gallons 75 per cent, spirits, ...

Cordials or Liqueurs. Part 7

802. Boitard's Anisette 802. Boitard's Anisette. Charge of the still, water-bath: 20 pounds green anise (washed in river water), 3 pounds star anise (being careful to break the stars ...

Cordials or Liqueurs. Part 8

808. Fining with Eggs for Cordials 808. Fining with Eggs for Cordials. Take the whites of 4 eggs, beat them to a stiff froth, add a little alcohol, and mix it gradually with 20 gallons ...

Cordials or Liqueurs. Part 9

813. Imitation Peach Brandy 813. Imitation Peach Brandy. Take i gallon honey dissolved in water; 33/4 gallons alcohol; 1/2 gallon Jamaica rum; 1 ounce catechu, bruised to a paste; 1 ...

Bitters

Bitters. Bitters are considered as tonic and stomachic, and to improve the appetite when taken in moderation. The best time is early in the morning, or an hour before meals. An excessive use of bitter...

Bitters. Continued

819. Stoughton Bitters 819. Stoughton Bitters. To 12 pounds dry orange peel, 3 pounds Virginia snake-root, 1 pound American saffron, 16 pounds gentian root, add 1 pound red saunders. ...

Cider

Cider. To make good cider the apples should be allowed to hang on the tree as long as the wind and frosty nights will let them. The riper they are, the better the cider. They are picked up and placed ...

Cider. Part 2

835. To Preserve Cider 835. To Preserve Cider. Strictly speaking, we suppose the sweet juice of the apple is not cider, any more than the sweet juice of the grape is wine. It is ...

Cider. Part 3

836. Rules for Making Good Pure Cider 836. Rules for Making Good Pure Cider. Always choose perfectly ripe and sound fruit. Pick the apples from the tree by hand. Apples that have been on the ground ...

Cider. Part 4

837. To Make Good Fermented Cider 837. To Make Good Fermented Cider. To make good fermented cider that will keep a year or more without turning too sour to be used for anything but ...

Cider. Part 5

839. To Prepare Casks for Cider 839. To Prepare Casks for Cider. Cider should never be put into new casks without previously scalding them with water containing salt, or with water in ...

Cider. Part 6

844. Champagne Cider 844. Champagne Cider. Good cider, pale, 1 hogshead; spirit, 3 gallons; honey or sugar, 20 pounds. Mix and let them rest for 2 weeks, then fine with skimmed milk, i ...

Cider. Part 7

851. Cheap-made Cider 851. Cheap-made Cider. Take of good cider and water, 1 hogshead each; molasses, 50 pounds; alum, dissolved, 1/2 pound. Brimstone matches to stop fermentation, by ...

Brewing

Brewing. The art of brewing is simply and easily understood, cleanliness and attention being the principal points to be considered. It consists of five operations, namely: mashing, boiling, cooling, f...

Brewing. Part 2

859. Boiling 859. Boiling. As soon as the water is taken from the copper for the table-beer, damp the fire with ashes or cinders, and put in the wort. For every bushel of malt used, ...

Brewing. Part 3

862. Cleansing 862. Cleansing. In cleansing ale or beer, the yeast should be skimmed from the top, and the liquor drawn off gently, so as not to disturb the bottoms. The casks should be ...

Brewing. Part 4

864. Flavoring Beer 864. Flavoring Beer. There are several simple and innoxious articles which can be used for this purpose by the private brewer-namely, Spanish liquorice, liquorice ...

Brewing. Part 5

867. The Acetous Fermentation 867. The Acetous Fermentation may arise from premature fermentation, through the mashing heat being taken too low, when it may commence in the tun, ...

Brewing. Part 6

872. To Ascertain Whether Malt Liquor may be Clarified by Fining 872. To Ascertain Whether Malt Liquor may be Clarified by Fining. In some bad sorts of beer, isinglass will have ...

Brewing. Part 7

878. To Remedy Flatness in Beer 878. To Remedy Flatness in Beer. Stir a few pounds of moist sugar into each hogshead; fermentation will ensue in a few days, and the liquor become brisk. ...

Brewing. Part 8

886. To Make Wood's Spruce Beer 886. To Make Wood's Spruce Beer. Boil 1/2 pint essence of spruce, 5 ounces each of bruised pimento and ginger, and 5 or 6 ounces hops in 3 gallons water ...

Brewing. Part 9

892. To Make Ottawa Root Beer 892. To Make Ottawa Root Beer. Take 1 ounce each sassafras, allspice, yellow dock, and wintergreen; 1/2 ounce each wild cherry bark and coriander; 1/4 ...

Brewing. Part 10

899. Lemon Beer 899. Lemon Beer. Put into a keg 1 gallon water, 1 sliced lemon, 1 table-spoonful ginger, 1 pint good syrup, and 1/2 pint yeast. In 24 hours it will be ready for use. If ...

Brewing. Part 11

907. Effervescing Lemonade, without a Machine 907. Effervescing Lemonade, without a Machine. Put into each bottle 2 drachms of sugar, 2 drops of essence of lemon, 1/2 drachm bicarbonate ...

Brewing. Part 12

914. To Keep Lemon Juice 914. To Keep Lemon Juice. Buy lemons when cheap and keep them in a cool place two or three days; roll them to make them squeeze easily. Squeeze the juice in a ...

Brewing. Part 13

921. Claret Punch 921. Claret Punch. Take 11/2 tablespoonfuls of sugar, 1 slice of lemon, 2 or 3 slices of orange. Fill the tumbler with shaved ice, and then pour in the claret, shake ...

Brewing. Part 14

930. Corking 930. Corking. Little can be said with regard to the corkingofbot-tles, beyond stating the fact that common, cheap corks, are always dear; the best corks Fig.1. ...

Brewing. Part 15

932. How to Prepare Yeast for Rye Whiskey or New England Bum 932. How to Prepare Yeast for Rye Whiskey or New England Bum. To prepare yeast for 80 gallons mash, take 2 pounds of wheat ...

Brewing. Part 16

937. Distillation with or without a Heater 937. Distillation with or without a Heater. Distillers usually employ a heater to hasten the process of distillation. When the heater is ...

Perfumery

Perfumery. The receipts in this department embrace a great variety of odorous essences, extracts, tinctures, oils, pomades, cosmetics, dentifrices, and other articles of the toilet, and are all derive...

Perfumery. Part 2

941. Essences 941. Essences. The term essence is generally very loosely applied to a preparation of almost any kind, that is supposed to contain in a high degree the essential or ...

Perfumery. Part 3

943. Essence of Almonds; Essence of Bitter Almonds; Essence of Peach-kernels; Almond Flavor 943. Essence of Almonds; Essence of Bitter Almonds; Essence of Peach-kernels; Almond Flavor. ...

Perfumery. Part 4

948. Essence de Frangipane; Ex-trait de Frangipane; Frangipanni 948. Essence de Frangipane; Ex-trait de Frangipane; Frangipanni. Take of neroli, 2 Imperial fluid drachms; essence royale,...

Perfumery. Part 5

955. Essence of Lemons 955. Essence of Lemons. From oil of lemon, as essence of almonds. (See No. 943 (Essence of Almonds; Essence of Bitter Almonds; Essence of Peach-kernels; Almond ...

Perfumery. Part 6

960. Essence Royale 960. Essence Royale. Take of ambergris, 40 grains avoirdupois; grain-musk (pure), 20 grains; civet and carbonate of potassa, of each 10 grains ; oil of ...

Perfumery. Part 7

965. Fine Essence of Vanilla 965. Fine Essence of Vanilla. Take 1/2 pound avoirdupois finest vanilla, and rectified spirit, 1 Imperial quart; proceed as for essence of musk. (See No. ...

Perfumery. Part 8

973. Essence of Lavender 973. Essence of Lavender. Take 1 ounce avoirdupois oil of lavender (Mitcham) and 1/2 Imperial pint strongest rectified spirit; mix with agitation; a few drops ...

Cologne Water and Per-fumed Spirits

In preparing eau de Cologne, it is essential that the spirit be of the purest description, both tasteless and scentless, and that the oils be not only genuine, but recently distilled; as old oils, esp...

Cologne Water and Per-fumed Spirits. Part 2

981. Goufife's Eau de Cologne 981. Goufife's Eau de Cologne. Take 1/2 ounce each essences of lemon, bergamot, and citron; 4 ounce essence of rosemary; 1/8 ounce essence of neroli. ...

Cologne Water and Per-fumed Spirits. Part 3

986. Fine Cologne Water 986. Fine Cologne Water. Take of pure 95 per cent. Cologne spirits, 6 gallons; oil of neroli, 4 ounces; oil of rosemary, 2 ounces; oil of orange, 5 ounces; oil ...

Cologne Water and Per-fumed Spirits. Part 4

994. Eau d'Ambre Royale; Eau Royale 994. Eau d'Ambre Royale; Eau Royale. Take of essence of ambergris and essence of musk, of each 1 Imperial fluid drachm; eau d'Ambrette and eau de fleurs d'oranges,...

Cologne Water and Per-fumed Spirits. Part 5

999. Esprit de Bergamotte 999. Esprit de Bergamotte. Take 5 Imperial fluid drachms oil of bergamot (finest, recent); oil of rose-geranium and oil of verbena, each 1/2 fluid drachm; essence of ...

Cologne Water and Per-fumed Spirits. Part 6

1008. Rose Water 1008. Rose Water. The ordinary best rose-water of the stores, particularly of the wholesale druggists who deal largely in the article, is generally made as follows:- ...

Cologne Water and Per-fumed Spirits. Part 7

1017. Alcoholate of Roses 1017. Alcoholate of Roses. Macerate 2 pounds fresh roses in 2 quarts alcohol of 95 and 1 pint water for 12 hours; then distill by means of a water-bath. ...

Cologne Water and Per-fumed Spirits. Part 8

1027. To Make Imitation Bay; Bum 1027. To Make Imitation Bay; Bum. The genuine bay rum is made by digesting the leaves of the. Bay plant (an aromatic plant which grows in the West ...

To Prepare Flavoring Extracts

To Prepare Flavoring Extracts. The following excellent receipts, taken from the American Journal of Pharmacy, are by Prof. W. Procter, Jr. 1031. Lemon Extract 1031. Lemon Ext...

Artificial Fruit Essences

Artificial Fruit Essences are composed chiefly of compound ethers, which possess the odor and flavor of certain fruits. In some of the following receipts, where tartaric, oxalic, succinic or benzoic a...

Extraits; Extracts

Extraits; Extracts. In French perfumery these are, appropriately, strong spirituous solutions, either simple or compound, of the essential oils and odorous principles of plants and other substances, o...

Aromatic, Odoriferous, or Perfumed Waters, etc

These are strictly pure water charged by distillation with the volatile, aromatic, and odorous principles of plants; or they are solutions of these principles, chiefly the essential oils, in distilled...

Aromatic, Odoriferous, or Perfumed Waters, etc. Part 2

1073. Directions for Distilling Perfumed Waters 1073. Directions for Distilling Perfumed Waters. The following directions are, in the main, those given by the thoroughly practical ...

Aromatic, Odoriferous, or Perfumed Waters, etc. Part 3

1074. To Remove the Burnt Smell of Freshly Distilled Waters 1074. To Remove the Burnt Smell of Freshly Distilled Waters. The burnt smell of waters, frequently arising from careless stilling, is ...

Aromatic, Odoriferous, or Perfumed Waters, etc. Part 4

1078. Vanilla Water 1078. Vanilla Water. Macerate 1 pound vanilla in coarse powder, and 5 pounds salt in 21/2 gallons water for 24 hours. Then distill over rapidly 1 gallon. ...

Aromatic Vinegar - Vinaigre Aromatique

Aromatic Vinegar - Vinaigre Aromatique. This is a compound of strong acetic acid with certain powerful essential oils. To produce the finer qualities of aromatic vinegar, glacial acetic acid must a...

Smelling Salts

Smelling Salts. Sesquicarbon-ate of ammonia commonly passes under this name, and, with the addition of a few drops of essential oil, is frequently employed to fill smelling bottles. Its pungency, howe...

Smelling Salts. Continued

1094. Aromatic Spirit of Ammonia 1094. Aromatic Spirit of Ammonia. Take of carbonate of ammonia, 8 ounces avoirdupois; strong liquor of ammonia (.882) 4 Imperial fluid ounces; volatile ...

Perfumed Powders and Rouges

Perfumed Powders and Rouges. Powders for the hair and skin have almost gone out of use. The basis of perfumed powders is either orris, or fine pearl starch. The perfume of the finest kinds is imparted...

Cosmetics for the Skin and Complexion

Cosmetics for the Skin and Complexion. The preparations under this head are designed to soften the skin and beautify the complexion. We annex receipts for the more important. The heating medium in the...

Cosmetics for the Skin and Complexion. Part 2

1122. Freckle Balsam 1122. Freckle Balsam. To the balsam of honey prepared as directed in the last receipt, add pure citric acid, 3 drachms. Used to prevent and remove freckles and ...

Cosmetics for the Skin and Complexion. Part 3

1130. Rose Glycerine Cream 1130. Rose Glycerine Cream. Spermaceti, 1/2 ounce; oil of sweet almonds, 2 ounces; white wax, 1 ounce; glycerine, 4 ounces: mix the spermaceti, white wax and ...

Cosmetics for the Skin and Complexion. Part 4

1139. Crème de Pistache 1139. Crème de Pistache. Pistachio nuts, 3 ounces; green oil, palm soap, wax, and spermaceti, each 1 ounce; orange-flower water, 31/4 pints; essence of neroli, ...

Cosmetics for the Skin and Complexion. Part 5

1145. Lotion of Bichloride of Mercury 1145. Lotion of Bichloride of Mercury. Take corrosive sublimate (in coarse powder), 10 grains avoirdupois; distilled water 1 Imperial pint; agitate ...

Cosmetics for the Skin and Complexion. Part 6

1150. Fragrant Glycerine Lotions 1150. Fragrant Glycerine Lotions. Any of the foregoing glycerine lotions may be rendered fragrant and more agreeable by employing rose water or ...

Cosmetics for the Skin and Complexion. Part 7

1152. Caution About Glycerine 1152. Caution About Glycerine. The property which has caused most annoyance in the use of glycerine is its strong affinity for water. Although glycerine ...

Cosmetics for the Skin and Complexion. Part 8

1156. Lotion of Borax, for Sore Gums and Nipples 1156. Lotion of Borax, for Sore Gums and Nipples. Take 5 drachms powdered borax; distilled water, 1/2 pint; mix. An effective wash for ...

Cosmetics for the Skin and Complexion. Part 9

1163. Pomade de Ninon de l'Enclos 1163. Pomade de Ninon de l'Enclos. Take of oil of almonds, 4 ounces avoirdupois; hog's lard, 3 ounces; spermaceti, 1 ounce; melt, add of expressed ...

Cosmetics for the Skin and Complexion. Part 10

1171. Rose Lip Salve 1171. Rose Lip Salve. As the above, but using only 11/2 drachms balsam of Peru, and replacing the oil of cloves with a few drops of attar of roses, or sufficient to ...

Washes for Failing Hair or Baldness

Washes for Failing Hair or Baldness. Liniments or washes to make the hair grow, can. always be employed, with greater or less success, so long as there is any vitality left in the hair follicles or ro...

Washes for Failing Hair or Baldness. Part 2

1180. Morfit's Hair Tonic 1180. Morfit's Hair Tonic. Scald black tea, 2 ounces, with 1 gallon boiling water; strain, and add 3 ounces glycerine; tincture cantharides, 1/2 ounce; ...

Washes for Failing Hair or Baldness. Part 3

1188. Barbers' Shampoo Mixture 1188. Barbers' Shampoo Mixture. Shampooing is a term used for cleansing the head and hair. Salts of tartar (carbonate of potassa) is the principal ...

Hair Dyes

Hair Dyes. The numerous preparations vended, under different names, as hair dyes, have generally a basis of lead or silver, and possess a sameness of composition which scarcely occurs, to an equal ext...

Hair Dyes. Part 2

1202. Method of Using the Hair Dye 1202. Method of Using the Hair Dye. The hair (perfectly clean) is first thoroughly wetted to the roots with Solution No. 1, previously diluted with 4 ...

Hair Dyes. Part 3

1205. Red Hair Dye 1205. Red Hair Dye. A strong infusion of safflowers, or a solution of pure rouge, in a weak solution of crystallized carborlate of soda, gives a bright red like henna,...

Hair Dyes. Part 4

1212. Golden Brown Hair Dye 1212. Golden Brown Hair Dye. Brown hair may have a golden tone imparted to it by the judicious application of any of the yellow dyes already noticed. ...

Depilatories

Depilatories. Preparations for removing superfluous hair from the skin. The constituents of most of these are lime, and the tersulphuret of arsenic (orpi-ment), but the use of orpiment is dangerous, e...

Scented Oils; Perfumed Oils

Scented Oils; Perfumed Oils. The fixed oil that usually forms the basis of the simple scented oils of the perfumer, is that of. almonds, ben, or olives; but other bland vegetable oils are occasionally...

Scented Oils; Perfumed Oils. Part 2

1229. Perfumed Oils by Enfleurage 1229. Perfumed Oils by Enfleurage. A series of shallow iron frames, adapted for piling on each other, and fitting close together, being provided, a ...

Scented Oils; Perfumed Oils. Part 3

1233. To Color Hair Oil Bed or Crimson 1233. To Color Hair Oil Bed or Crimson. A red and crimson tinge may be given by steeping, for 2 or 3 days, a little alkanet-root (say 2 or 3 ...

Scented Oils; Perfumed Oils. Part 4

1241. Oil of Balsam of Peru 1241. Oil of Balsam of Peru. Take 1/2 avoirdupois ounce pure balsam of Peru, and hot oil of almonds, 1/4 Imperial pint; agitate them together until perfectly ...

Scented Oils; Perfumed Oils. Part 5

1248. Macassar Oil 1248. Macassar Oil. Oil of ben, 1 gallon, oil of noisette, 1/2 gallon; strong alcohol, 1 quart; attar of rose, 2 drachms; attar of bergamot, 3 ounces; attar of ...

Pomatums or Pomades

Pomatums or Pomades. Any scented greasy matter of appropriate consistence, or any mixture of fats, used, or intended to be used, in dressing the hair, now commonly passes under the name of pomatum or ...

Pomatums or Pomades. Part 2

1255. To Perfume Melted Fat 1255. To Perfume Melted Fat. In adding aromatics or perfumes to the melted fat, its temperature must be adapted to their relative degree of volatility. ...

Pomatums or Pomades. Part 3

1259. To Color Fat Yellow 1259. To Color Fat Yellow. A yellow coloring fat may be prepared as in the last receipt, by using, instead of the alkanet, 1 ounce of annotto to the ...

Pomatums or Pomades. Part 4

1263. Pomades by Enfleurage 1263. Pomades by Enfleurage. These perfumed pomades are prepared by a simi-lar process to that adopted for the corresponding oils. (See No. 1229 (Perfumed ...

Pomatums or Pomades. Part 5

1267. Rose Pomade 1267. Rose Pomade. Melt together and mix in a water-bath 1 pound prepared grease and 2 ounces spermaceti; triturate in a mortar until it becomes white and smooth, ...

Pomatums or Pomades. Part 6

1274. Crystallized Pomade or Pomatum 1274. Crystallized Pomade or Pomatum. Take of oil of almonds or olives, 1 pint; 1/4 pound spermaceti (best, pure); melt them together by a gentle ...

Pomatums or Pomades. Part 7

1280. Cazenave's Pomade 1280. Cazenave's Pomade. Prepared beef-marrow, 4 ounces (avoirdupois); tincture of cantharides, 1/2 fluid ounce (Imperial); and cinnamon coarsely powdered, 1/2 ...

Pomatums or Pomades. Part 8

1285. New French Remedy for Baldness 1285. New French Remedy for Baldness. Croton oil, one of the last French remedies for baldness, is employed by simply adding it to oil or ...

Tooth Powders; Dentifrices ; Poudres pour les Dents

Tooth Powders; Dentifrices ; Poudres pour les Dents; etc.. These preparations should be compounded of materials which, while cleaning the teeth without injury to the enamel, will also be anti-...

Tooth Powders; Dentifrices ; Poudres pour les Dents. Continued

1293. To Purify Hartshorn 1293. To Purify Hartshorn. Burn pieces of harts' horns until perfectly white; then grind them, and purify in the same manner as chalk. (Sec No. 1292.) ...

Tooth Pastes; Tooth Electuaries; Pates pour les Dents

Tooth Pastes; Tooth Electuaries; Pates pour les Dents. These may consist of any of the substances ordinarily used as dentifrices, reduced to the state of inpalpable powder, and beaten up with sufficie...

Tooth Pastes; Tooth Electuaries; Pates pour les Dents. Continued

1310. Peruvian Bark Tooth Paste 1310. Peruvian Bark Tooth Paste. This paste is made by adding 11/2 or 2 drachms of Peruvian bark, in very line powder, to the last receipt. It is a ...

Tooth and Mouth Washes

Tooth and Mouth Washes. These are used to rinse the mouth, and particularly the teeth and gums, a few drops, more or less, of them being added to about a wine-glassful of water for the purpose. In som...

Fumigating Pastils; Incense Pastilles

Fumigating Pastils; Incense Pastilles. These are small masses essentially composed of powdered charcoal and aromatic substances that emit fragrant fumes during combustion, with the addition of suff...

Fumigating Pastils; Incense Pastilles. Part 2

1342. Pastilles aux Fleurs d'Oranges 1342. Pastilles aux Fleurs d'Oranges. To each pound of Nos. 1341 or 1339, add of orange powder (genuine), 21/2 ounces avoirdupois ; neroli, 1 ...

Fumigating Pastils; Incense Pastilles. Part 3

1350. To Scent Tobacco 1350. To Scent Tobacco. Fragrance may be imparted to tobacco, by mixing with it, while slightly damp, a little cascarilla, either in very fine shreds or recently ...

Syrups

Syrups. Syrups are solutions of sugar more or less strong according to the object for which they are used. In the preparation of syrups, if care be taken to employ the best refined sugar, and either d...

Syrups. Part 2

1361. Amount of Heat to be Employed in Making Syrups 1361. Amount of Heat to be Employed in Making Syrups. In the preparation of syrups it is of great importance to employ as little ...

Syrups. Part 3

1363. To Determine the Density of Syrup 1363. To Determine the Density of Syrup. A fluid ounce of saturated syrup weighs 5771/2 grains; a gallon weighs 131/5 pounds avoirdupois; its ...

Syrups. Part 4

1369. To Make Syrups for the Manufacture of Cordials and Liquors 1369. To Make Syrups for the Manufacture of Cordials and Liquors. Take 1 pint of water to every 2 pounds of sugar used; ...

Syrups. Part 5

1374. Parrish's Strawberry Syrup 1374. Parrish's Strawberry Syrup. Take 4 quarts fresh fruit; express the juice, and strain; add water until it measures 4 pints. Dissolve 8 pounds raw ...

Syrups. Part 6

1381. Cherry Syrup 1381. Cherry Syrup. Take 5 gallons cherry juice; let it ferment a few days; dissolve and boil 80 pounds of sugar; when clear, skim and strain. 1382. Syrup of ...

Syrups for Soda or Mineral Waters

Syrups for Soda or Mineral Waters. The following is a collection of well approved receipts for flavoring mineral waters, selected principally from the Druggist's Circular and Chemical Gazette. Most ...

Syrups for Soda or Mineral Waters. Part 2

1393. Ginger Syrup 1393. Ginger Syrup. Tincture of ginger, 2 fluid ounces; simple syrup, 4 pints; mix. 1394. Vanilla Syrup 1394. Vanilla Syrup. Vanilla, 6 drachms; boiling ...

Syrups for Soda or Mineral Waters. Part 3

1404. Blackberry Syrup 1404. Blackberry Syrup. Make as directed for straw berry, and add to each quart 1 ounce of the best French brandy. 1405. Pineapple Syrup 1405. &...

Syrups for Soda or Mineral Waters. Part 4

1416. Imitation Orgeat Syrup 1416. Imitation Org