Architectural Drawing | by Wooster Bard Field
An exhaustive treatment of the subject of Architectural Drawing presents so many ramifications that, to cover them fully, several volumes of text and many expensive Plates are required. Almost without exception these books and portfolios each deal with but one phase of the subject and go into that at some length. For this reason the architectural student must have access to a rather voluminous library or else invest in a number of more or less expensive books.
| Title | Architectural Drawing |
| Author | Wooster Bard Field |
| Publisher | Wooster Bard Field |
| Year | 1922 |
| Copyright | 1922, 1922 |
| Amazon | Architectural Drawing |
By Wooster Bard Field, Architect, Assistant Professor Of Engineering Drawing The Ohio State University With An Introduction And Article On Lettering By Thomas E. French, Professor Of Engineering Drawing The Ohio State University
Preface- An exhaustive treatment of the subject of Architectural Drawing presents so many ramifications that, to cover them fully, several volumes of text and many expensive plates are required. Almost without...
- Introduction
- By Thomas E. French Architecture is one of the fine arts, taking its place along with sculpture, painting and music. As an art it is creative, rather than representative and involves perhaps a greate...
- Introduction. Continued
- The real architect then supplements his drawings and specifications by personal supervision of the work as it progresses, not because the drawings are incomplete, but that the expression of individual...
- Article I. Graphic Methods Of Representation
- Plates 1 and 2 Before starting the architectural drawing proper, one must be familiar with the two general methods of representing an object having three dimensions (length, width and height) on the ...
- Article II. Drawing Instruments And Their Use
- Plate 3 Brief mention will be made here concerning the drawing instruments and their use.1 Pencil The pencil is of course the draftsman's most useful instrument. Without a pencil of the proper grad...
- Drawing Instruments And Their Use. Continued
- Compasses The compasses, Fig. 24, are used to draw circles and circle arcs. They should be held at the top between the thumb and fore finger and spun around between them as the circle is drawn. If he...
- Article III. Geometric Methods
- Plates 4 and 5 Only those geometric solutions which the draftsman will be most likely to need in his work are given here.1 To divide a line A -B into two equal parts, Fig. 28, Plate 4, set the compa...
- Geometric Methods. Continued
- PLATE 5. GEOMETRIC METHODS. To draw an approximate semi-ellipse by the five center method, Fig. 41, Plate 5. Having drawn the major axis E-H and the semi-minor axis C-D, complete the rectangle E-F-...
- Article IV. Preliminary Sketches
- Plates 6 to 18 The drawings which the architect first produces for his client are called preliminary sketches. They are the product of his preliminary study of the problem and serve as a basis for fu...
- Perspective Drawing
- Since the perspective drawing of an object shows it as it would appear to the eye of the observer, it is very important that the draftsman acquire the ability to draw and think in perspective. As has...
- Variations Due To Different Positions Of The Station Point
- Scale Perspective drawings are made to scale the same as orthographic projection drawings. Systems Drawings will be in angular perspective when the object is placed at an angle with the picture pla...
- Variations Due To Different Positions Of The Station Point. Continued
- Irregular Objects A perspective of the triangular pyramid, Fig. 53, Plate 8, is made in much the same way as the prism of Fig. 52 with a few exceptions. Draw the plan, locate P-P and 5 and then draw ...
- Isometric Drawing
- While perspective projection is the method of pictorial representation generally used by the architectural draftsman, he sometimes finds it desirable to draw a quick mechanical picture on which he can...
- Shadow Of Vertical Line On A Sloping Surface. Shades And Shadows
- The drawings thus far considered are what are known as line drawings and, because of the fact that they are made up of lines alone, they lack any effect of depth or modeling. This may be gained only b...
- Shadow Of Vertical Line On A Sloping Surface
- Shadows Of Points And Lines To cast the shadow of a point upon a given surface draw a conventional ray through the point and to the surface. Where this ray strikes the surface is the required shadow ...
- Rendering
- Architectural drawings may be rendered or colored in a number of different mediums according to the result desired. Most common among these are pencil, crayon and water-color. The shadows, the relativ...
- Rendering. Continued
- Laying The Washes First prepare the india ink in the slate slab, then mix it in three or four different intensities .in the china saucers. Wet the paper, using the sponge and clean water, then take u...
- Article V. Scale Drawings
- Plates 19 to 45 Working drawings consist of all plans, elevations (both exterior and interior), sections, scale details and full size details necessary for the adequate completion of the work. The s...
- Symbols For Material And Fixtures. Symbols For Fixtures
- Elevations Before developing the plans very far the elevations should be blocked in and the plans and elevations carried along together to secure the best result. It is well to draw the elevations on...
- Dimensioning
- After the drawings have been made, the sizes of the various features and their location in the building must be definitely given by dimensions. First and foremost, these dimensions must be made clear...
- Drawings Of Existing Buildings
- When it is found necessary to make alterations or additions to an existing building, the draftsman finds himself in need of a graphic record of the structure as it stands. If the original drawings of ...
- Contour Map Or Site Plan
- When it is necessary to design a building for a site that is not level, the architect must know just how high each point is above the lowest part of the site. This information is obtained by the surve...
- Plan Of Concrete And Tile Floor Systems
- Plate 33 illustrates the draftsman's method of presenting the structural plan in the main floor of the church. The Sunday School wing has floors of concrete slabs while the auditorium floor is a comb...
- Plan Of Concrete And Tile Floor Systems. Part 2
- Several such drawings are necessary for the description of a building so complex as this one. When the building is so large as to necessitate the drawing of the elevations at a small scale as shown o...
- Plan Of Concrete And Tile Floor Systems. Part 3
- The banking quarters, which are the most important part of the building, are elaborately finished, making necessary a great many details of this part. One of these details is given on Plate 45 and is ...
- Article VI. Detail Drawings
- Plates 46 to 61 Architectural details are those drawings made at a larger scale than the plans and elevations to describe accurately the various methods of construction and the mouldings and ornament...
- Stairways
- There are two general types of stairways, the closed stair where the steps are built in between walls, and the open stair which may have a balustrade on one side and a wall on the other or balustrades...
- The Fireplace
- The fireplace has been called the central feature of the home and as such should be given careful consideration by the architect. The form, proportions and material must be such that the fuel for whi...
- Article VII. The Orders Of Architecture
- A building may be divided into three primary parts, a substructure or base, the supporting members and the supported part. When the supporting member is continuous it is called a wall, if however, the...
- The Orders Of Architecture. Continued
- Roman Doric Order In the Roman Doric we have an Order resembling the Greek Doric in a general way but having some very marked differences. Foremost among these are a general lightening of the proport...
- Composite Order
- This Order is so called because it is composed of parts of the other Orders in various combinations. It occurs in many forms, but the ones which are generally accepted under this name are made up of p...
- Article VIII. Acanthus Leaf
- Plate 74 Since the acanthus leaf is so often employed as architectural ornament, it is well to give here a few aids to the draftsman in laying it out. With the basic facts in mind, one who is at all...
- Article IX. Mouldings
- Plate 75 Mouldings are perhaps the most important of all the devices employed by the architect for ornamental purposes. In their simplest form they produce bands of shadow varying in intensity accord...
- Article X. Lettering
- Plates 77 to 84 A study of the subject of lettering is important to the architect for two reasons. The first and commonest is that he may add to his drawings necessary information in the form of titl...
- Lettering. Part 2
- O Q C G are closely related. Notice that the outside curves are circle arcs. In large letters these may be penciled with compasses, although all lettering should be inked entirely freehand. The inside...
- Lettering. Part 3
- Uncial And Gothic These two historical styles of letters will be needed occasionally both in office lettering and lettering in design. They may be found appropriate in putting the titles on the displ...
- Outline Of Study. Plate 76
- This outline will be of most value to the student who is working without the assistance of an instructor but will be found useful to the teacher as well, in laying out the work for his classes. When ...
- Outline Of Study. Plate 76. Continued
- Part Four Fasten a sheet of tracing paper over the first floor plan which has just been completed and draw the plan of the second floor. This involves more than is at first apparent. A preliminary st...
- Reference Books
- The publishers are named at the end of the list. Acoustics Acoustics of Auditoriums, by F. R. Watson. ARCHITECTURAL EQUIPMENT Sweet's Catalogue. (An extensive catalogue of architectural equipment ...
- Architectural And Building Terms
- Abacus The topmost division of the capital of a column. See Plate 63. Abutment Of An Arch The mass of masonry which resists the thrust of the arch. That against which the ends of the arch rest. Ai...
- Architectural And Building Terms. Part 2
- Cupola A small cylindrical or polygonal structure on the top of a dome. Curtain Wall A thin wall supported independent of the wall below, every one or two stories, by the structural steel or concre...
- Architectural And Building Terms. Part 3
- House Sewer The drainage pipe connecting with the house drain at a point about 5 feet outside the building and leading to the sewer or other place of disposal. Housing The part cut out of one membe...
- Architectural And Building Terms. Part 4
- Pitch Of Roof A term applied to the amount of slope. It is found by dividing the height by the span. Plan See Floor Plan. Plancher Or Planceer The soffit of a cornice or corona. See the box corni...
- Architectural And Building Terms. Part 5
- Soffit The underneath surface of a beam, lintel, arch, etc. Soil Pipe The branch pipe that connects the closet or urinal with the soil stack. Soil Stack The vertical pipe line that leads from the...
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