(Published In 1889.)

"Rohallion," the residence of Edward D. Adams, Esq., at Rumson, near Seabright, N. J., comprises a large, isolated house, with conservatory, stables, etc., remote from public water, gas, or sewer lines. Modern conveniences and improvements are supplied throughout, and as illustrative of an entirely independent and self-contained system of plumbing, a description of the general features and some details are given that are not otherwise remarkable.

The buildings were designed, and their construction supervised by the architects, McKim, Mead & White, of New York and the plumbing and drainage was done by S. & A. Clarke, also of New York Abundance of hard water is obtained from a private well, 6 feet in diameter and about 50 feet deep, through red clay.

Rainwater from the house roofs is stored in a cistern.

The house-drains, soil pipes, stable drains, etc., empty into the drain pipes, 6 inches in diameter, that empty into sealed brick cesspools, whose contents are automatically disposed of by subsurface irrigation through 2-inch unglazed tile pipes.

The house and stable has each an independent sewerage system with about 1,000 feet of irragation pipe, occupying a total area of about one acre of meadow land.

The cistern water is raised to a 1,000-gallon roof tank by a Ryder gas engine pump, and is distributed thence throughout the house for all purposes, except flushing cisterns and slopsinks, which are supplied with well water at a head of about 15 feet at the highest fixture.

Well water is also supplied to the butler's pantry and kitchen sink.

A wooden water-tower furnishes a high and a low-pressure service and has a windmill to operate the pump. The tower is built in a conspicuous location, and is designed to present an attractive appearance and afford a commanding prospect from its observatory gallery.

Figure 2 is a vertical section of the tower at Z Z, Fig. 3, and Fig. 3 is a horizontal section at Z Z. Fig. 2. A is the Hercules windmill, built by the George L. Squires Manufacturing Company. Buffalo, N. Y. for an estimated daily service of raising 10,000 gallons of water 90 feet. The mill is about 14 feet high and 12 feet in diameter, with vertical axis. Its sails are vertical wooden slats whose angle with the cum cumference is easily adjustable; they may be closed so as to receive no impulse from the wind, or set open to work at different speeds.

At the right of the Figure they are shown closed, so as to stop the mill, and at the left open as for working. B is the observatory gallery, reached by stairs not here shown. C is a 3,500-gallon tank for house and fire service. D is a 17,500-gallon tank for all other needs - viz.: stables, conservatory, irrigation, etc. The lower story of the tower is used for storing garden implements, etc.

C and D are both coopered wooden tanks that receive their supply from the adjacent well through the 2-inch pump delivery pipe T. In winter only tank D is used, and tank C is cut off by closing valve G. A branch from pump pipe T has a ball cock H and a valve at U (accidently omitted in Fig. 2),

In summer both tanks are used, and their operation is as follows: Valve G being opened and U closed, pipe T delivers into tank C. When C is nearly full it overflows into D through the stand-pipe Y until D is full and the ball cock I closes; the water then rises above Y in C and closes ball cock E. The pump, still working, exerts a pressure in the small cylinder N, and raises its piston M, which operates a connecting-rod (shown broken off at V) that stops the windmill A that drives the pump. As soon as any water is used from tank, ball cock E is opened, the pressure is relieved in chamber N, and the weight of piston M pulls it down and set the windmill sails ready to run again; by this arrangement tank C is always filled first. In winter valve G is closed and U opened and tank D only is used. W is a 1½-inch overflow, with branch X from tank D. R is a 2-inch supply pipe from tank C to the house, and is controlled by valve F. S is a 2-inch supply pipe from tank D to the stables, and it is controlled by valve J. Q is a cut-off valve ordinarily closed, but it may be opened and give high pressure to the stable system, or an additional low-pressure supply to the house system. K is a check-valve to prevent tank C from emptying into D when Q is opened. O is a key valve, and P is a draw cock.

PLUMBING IN A COUNTRY RESIDENCE, SEABRIGHT, N. J.

Figures 4 and 5 are sections of the house cistern for rainwater, which is received through the 4-inch leader G. The cistern is 15x20 feet, with 12-inch cement-lined brick walls C, laid directly on the smoothed clay surface of the excavation near the house.

There is a flagstone cap B with a manhole closed by the iron cover A.

Figure 4 is a vertical section at WW, Fig. 5, and Fig, 5 is a horizontal section at Z Z, Fig. 4. Up to a point above the level of the 6-inch overflow pipe H, the cistern is divided by a filter partition composed of two 4-inch Portland cement-laid brick walls, D and D, with the 4-inch space E between them filled with charcoal. The water is received in chamber L, and percolates rapidly through walls D and D to chamber M, whence it is pumped to roof tank through the 1½-inch suction pipe F with basket strainer I.

The house is supplied with well water by the 2-inch galvanized-iron pipe R, Fig. 2, and with cistern water by a 1½ - inch pipe from roof tank. Pipe R serves as a direct fire line to three hose cocks in the house, one on each floor, and to one inside and one outside of the stable.

The 2-inch pipe S. Fig. 2, is direct to the stable, and has ¾ and 1-inch branches supplying water for sprinkling the lawn and garden and for the conservatories, etc.

In the kitchen, and elsewhere that they are exposed, the water pipes are of brass, tin-lined and nickel-plated; where not exposed they are of galvanized iron.

There is a kitchen boiler and sink, independent laundry boiler and tubs, butler's sink, one chambermaid's slopsink, one toilet-room with washbowl only, one with water-closet only, and one private and one guests' bathroom with washbowl, bathtub, and water-closet, and one servant's bathroom with tub, washbowl, and water-closet.

The stable, built for 10 horses and four cows, has one watering-trough, a number of convenient draw cocks and hose cocks, a washroom sink and a water-closet. In the upper parts of the building are apartments for the coachman's and gardener's families, These each contain a set of laundry tubs, kitchen boiler and sink, one washbowl, one bathtub, and one water-closet.

Figure 6 shows the arrangement of kitchen boiler A, whose cold-water supply is through pipe C.

D is hot-water upstairs, F is hot-water to lower floor (and may be connected to supply or receive from laundry boiler), and E is the hot-water return-circulation pipe.

H H are circulation pipes to the water-back, and I is the sediment pipe emptying boiler and water-back. G is a relief pipe from boiler and terminates in a vacuum drip valve K over the kitchen sink, Fig. 7. B B are heavy wrought-iron brackets bolted through the wall.

Figure 7 shows the kitchen sink and two wash-tubs provided for use when it is not convenient to use the laundry.

A is pipe supplying well water, B is hot-water pipe, and C is cold-water pipe.

Fig. 9.

Fig. 8.

Figure 8 shows the washbowl in private bathroom. The table and wall and floor slabs are of red Knox-ville marble, and the metal-work is nickel-plated.

Figure 9 shows the hostlers' water-closet on the first floor of the stables. A is a slate slab and B is asphalt tiling. The room is ceiled with yellow pine, oiled, and there is an automatic cistern flushing the urinal.

Figure 10 is a view of the washroom on the first floor of the stables. The floor is tiled with asphalt and the walls ceiled with yellow pine, oiled. The large iron sink B is furnished with hot and cold water, and is intended chiefly for washing the harness.

The cold-water supply is controlled by cock A, and has branch C to sink, and I to the boiler. H is the hot-water from the boiler. The water circulates from the boiler to the water-back and return through pipes F and E. G is a sediment cock for emptying the boiler.

Fig:10.