Cause contraction in those living tissues with which they come in contact, whether in the interior or exterior of the body; and whether immediately applied or by absorption into the circulation. They are divided into astringents administered by the mouth, and those applied locally to external ulcerated or wounded surfaces.

1. Astringent Bolus Useful In Diabetes Or Hemorrhage

Powdered opium, 2 to 3 grains; gallic acid, 4 to 6 grains ; alum, 5 to 10 grains; powdered bark, 10 grains; linseed meal, enough to form a bolus, to be given to a large dog (or divided for a small one) two or three times a day.

2. Astringent Washes Fob The Eyes

Sulphate of zinc, 5 to 8 grains; water, 2 ounces. Mix.

Or, goulard extract, 1 drachm; water, 1 ounce. Mix.

Or, nitrate of silver, 2 to 8 grains; water, 1 ounce. Mix, and drop into the eyes with a quill; or wine of opium to be dropped into the eye.

3. Wash Fob The Penis

Sulphate of zinc, 6 to 10 grains; water, 1 ounce. Mix.

Or, chloride of zinc, 1/2 to 1 1/2 grains; water, 1 ounce. Mix.

4. Astringent Ointment Fob Piles

Gallic acid, 10 grains; goulard extract, 15 drops; lard, 1 ounce. Mix.