This section is from the book "The Dog And The Sportsman", by John Stuart Skinner. Also available from Amazon: The Dog And The Sportsman.
There is yet another dog, which, in these sketches,' brief and imperfect as they are, should not be overlooked, as his whole life is one of devotion to the will and pleasure of his master. We allude to the Newfoundland; or, to speak with stricter reference to the kind of dog in common use at the present day, the Chesapeake Bay water-dog. The original Newfoundland, has gotten to be much mixed in blood, by carelessness in breeding; yet much remains which is uniformly characteristic of the original stock, in respect of figure, size, colour and texture of coat. Hence the choice specimens of the water-dog, as he is yet to be found on the waters of the Chesapeake, in promptness to attempt, and vigour to execute all the purposes for which Providence designed him, are fully equal to every emergency. As to their stock, besides the best of them being still red, or black, there are other reasons for assuming that those most esteemed have descended from, and still partake distinctly of the blood and traits of a pair of these colours, brought directly, male and female, from Newfoundland to Maryland, nearly forty years ago. Of that importation we are glad to have it in our power to preserve the following authentic memoir, furnished, at our instance, by the importer himself, a gentleman who possesses, as all his friends know, an instinctive fondness for good dogs, and good deeds!
"Baltimore, Maryland, January 7th, 1845.
"My dear Sir, - In the fall of 1807 I was on board of the ship Canton, belonging to my uncle, the late Hugh Thompson, of Baltimore, when we fell in, at sea, near the termination of a very heavy equinoctial gale, with an English brig in a sinking condition, and took off the crew. The brig was loaded with cod-fish, and was bound to Poole, in England, from Newfoundland. I boarded her, in command of a boat from the Canton, which was sent to take off the English crew, the brig's own boats having been all swept away, and her crew in a state of intoxication. I found on board of her two Newfoundland pups, male and female, which I saved, and subsequently, on our landing the English crew at Norfolk, our own destination being Baltimore, I purchased these two pups of the English captain for a guinea apiece. Being bound again to sea, I gave the dog pup, which was called Sailor, to Mr. John Mercer, of West River; and the slut pup, which was called Canton, to Doctor James Stewart, of Sparrow's Point. The history which the English captain gave me of these pups was, that the owner of his brig was extensively engaged in the Newfoundland trade, and had directed his correspondent to select and send him a pair of pups of the most approved Newfoundland breed, but of different families, and that the pair I purchased of him were selected under this order. The dog was of a dingy red colour; and the slut black. They were not large; their hair was short, but very thick-coated; they had dew claws. Both attained great reputation as water-dogs. They were most sagacious in every thing; particularly so in all duties connected with duck-shooting. Governor Lloyd exchanged a merino ram for the dog, at the time of the merino fever, when such rams were selling for many hundred dollars, and took him over to his estate on the eastern shore of Maryland, where his progeny were well known for many years after; and may still be known there, and on the western shore, as the Sailor breed. The slut remained at Sparrow's Point till her death, and her progeny were and are still well known, through Patapsco Neck, on the Gunpowder, and up the bay, amongst the duck-shooters, as unsurpassed for their purposes. I have heard both Doctor Stewart and Mr. Mercer relate most extraordinary instances of the sagacity and performance of both dog and slut, and would refer you to their friends for such particulars as I am unable, at this distance of time, to recollect with sufficient accuracy to repeat.
"Yours, in haste,
"George Law."
On inquiry since the date of the above, of Mr. Mercer, and of Dr. J. Stewart, it is ascertained of the former, who owned Sailor, that "he was of fine size and figure-lofty in his carriage, and built for strength and activity; remarkably muscular and broad across the hips and breast; head large, but not out of proportion; muzzle rather longer than is common with that race of dogs; his colour a dingy red, with some white on the face and breast; his coat short and smooth, but uncommonly thick, and more like a coarse fur than hair; tail full, with long hair, and always carried very high. His eyes were very peculiar: they were so light as to have almost an unnatural appearance, something resembling what is termed a wall eye, in a horse; and it is remarkable, that in a visit which I made to the Eastern Shore, nearly twenty years after he was sent there, in a sloop which had been sent expressly for him, to West River, by Governor Lloyd, I saw many of his descendants who were marked with this peculiarity."
Does it not seem to be characteristic of the best water-dogs, that like the eagle and the owl, the lion and the cat, and other birds and beasts of prey, whose condition and habits require extraordinary powers of vision, as does the dog when swimming in pursuit of ducks at a great distance, that they should have eyes of a yellow, or at least of an uncommon, not black colour?
In consideration of his uncommon sagacity, the good deeds he performed, and the good blood he transmitted, Sailor yet well deserves to have his burial-spot, if to be found, distinguished by the epitaph prepared by Lord Chancellor Eldon for his favourite dog Caesar. With an alteration of a few words, it might well have been said for him, -
You who wander hither,
Pass not unheeded
This spot, where poor Sailor
Is deposited.
He was born of Newfoundland parents;
His vigilance during many years
Was the safeguard of Cedar Point
His talents and manners were long
The amusement and delight
Of those who resorted to it
Of his unshaken fidelity,
Of his cordial attachment To his master and his family,
A just conception cannot
Be conveyed by language,
Or formed but by those Who intimately knew him."
Were old Varnell (the trusted servant and duck-shooter of that venerable and high-spirited patriot, Doctor J. Stewart,) still alive, he could relate many most extraordinary feats performed by Canton, at Sparrow's Point She surpassed her species generally in unrivalled devotion to the water, and to the sport of ducking, as carried on by the old Doctor's coloured man, Varnell, with his murderous swivel gun! Her patience and endurance of fatigue were almost incredible, and her performances would be best illustrated by taking down from the old Doctor, and others, who remember them, the facts of her fights with wounded swans, after pursuing them in the water for miles. Also her extraordinary pursuit of wounded ducks, amongst rotten and floating ice, and sometimes in fogs and darkness. On one occasion she brought out 22 or 23 ducks, all killed or wounded by Varnell at a single shot A good deal of time was lost in pursuing these wounded ducks, and at the close of this pursuit, it being then dark, Varnell gave up the slut as lost, so many hours had she been engaged in bringing out her game; but after Varnell had sorrowfully turned his face homewards, she overtook him with one or two ducks in her mouth; and the old Doctor remembers hearing Varnell say, that at one time, when she was most fatigued, she climbed on a cake of floating ice, and after resting herself on it, she renewed her pursuit of the ducks.
 
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