Often occurs in canine practice, and is due to accidents. In most cases the dog becomes unconscious, and the breathing is heavy or usually nearly imperceptible. Gradually consciousness returns, but often a stiffness of the limbs and an uncertain gait remains for a time. The treatment should consist in the administration of stimulants, but great care must be taken not to attempt forcing liquid upon an unconscious animal, or choking will be the inevitable result. Brandy can be injected under the skin (subcutaneously). Ice when procurable should be applied to the head and spinal cord, and ammonia to the nostrils. If there is a fracture of the skull an operation will become necessary. A part of the bone may be pressing upon the brain, when it would have to be raised, and so relieve the pressure, in which case a vererinarian must be called at once.