This section is from the book "The American House Carpenter", by R. G. Hatfield. Also available from Amazon: The American House Carpenter.
Weights per Cubic Foot.
As per Barlow, Gallier, Haswell, Hurst, Rankine, Tredgold, Wood and the Author.
Material. | From | To | Average. |
WOODS. | |||
Acacia....................................... | 41 | 51 | 46 |
Alder ............. ....... | 35 | 51 | 38 |
Apple-tree..................................... | 49 | 51 | 50 |
Ash....................... | 41 | 57 | 49 |
Beech............................................ | 39 | 53 | 46 |
Birch...................... | 35 | 49 | 42 |
Box....................... | 59 | 65 | 62 |
" French................. | .... | ... | 83 |
Brazil-wood.................................. | .... | . . | 64 |
Cedar..................... | 27 | 35 | 31 |
" Canadiam............................. | 47 | 57 | 52 |
" Palestine............. | 30 | 38 | 34 |
" Virginia Red .............. | ..... | ... | 40 |
Cherry..................................... | 32 | 46 | 39 |
Chestnut, Horse....................... | 29 | 41 | 35 |
" Sweet....................... | 27 | 55 | 41 |
Cork,......................................... | .... | ... | 15 |
Cypress..................................... | 27 | 41 | 34 |
" Spanish.......... | .... | ... | 40 |
Deal, Christianai........................... | . . | ... | 44 |
" English............. | .. | .... | 29 |
" (Norway Spruce)........ | 21 | 33 | 27 |
Dogwood................................. | ...... | ... | 47 |
Ebony...................................... | 69 | 83 | 76 |
Elder.......................................... | ... | ... | 43 |
Elm............................................ | 33 | 59 | 46 |
Fir (Norway Spruce)....... | 21 | 33 | 27 |
" (Red Pine)............. | 30 | 44 | 37 |
" Riga.............:... | .... | ... | 47 |
Gum, Blue................................... | ..... | .. | 53 |
" Water................................ | ..... | ... | 62 |
Hackmatack............................... | ..... | ... | 37 |
Hemlock..................................... | 21 | 31 | 26 |
Hickory..................................... | 40 | 58 | 49 |
Lance-wood............................. | 41 | 63 | 52 |
Larch........................................ | 31 | 35 | 33 |
" Red................. | 31 | 54 | 43 |
" White.................................. | .... | .... | 23 |
Lignum-vitae........................... | 41 | 83 | 62 |
Locust...................................... | 41 | 51 | 46 |
Logwood.................................... | .... | .... | 57 |
Mahogany, Honduras................. | 35 | 40 | 38 |
Material. | From | To | Average. |
Mahogany, St. Domingo.... | 45 | 65 | 55 |
Maple................................... | 33 | 49 | 41 |
Mulberry................................ | 35 | 55 | 45 |
Oak, Adriatic.......................... | ... | ... | 62 |
" Black Bog............ | 60 | 66 | 63 |
" Canadiam....................... | ... | ... | 54 |
" Dantzic........................... | ... | ... | 47 |
" English............................ | 38 | 70 | 54 |
" Live................................ | 57 | 79 | 68 |
" Red................... | 47 | 54 | 51 |
" White................. | 43 | 57 | 50 |
Olive...................... | .... | ... | 58 |
Oranage...................................... | ... | ... | 44 |
Paper-tree..................................... | 40 | 44 | 42 |
Pine, Georgia (pitch)........ | 38 | 58 | 48 |
" Mar Forest .......... | .... | ... | 43 |
" Memel and Riga...... | 29 | 35 | 32 |
" Red................. | .... | .... | 37 |
" Scotch................ | 27 | 51 | 39 |
" White............... | 21 | 35 | 28 |
" Yellow................ | 27 | 39 | 33 |
Plum....................... | 41 | 49 | 45 |
Poplar............................................ | 23 | 37 | 30 |
Quince........................................ | .... | ... | 44 |
Redwood,.................................... | ... | ... | 23 |
Rosewood.................................. | .... | .... | 45 |
Sassafras.................................. | ... | ... | 30 |
Satinwood................................ | 55 | 59 | 57 |
Spruce....................................... | 24 | 36 | 30 |
Sycamore.................................. | 36 | 40 | 38 |
Teak......................................... | 41 | 61 | 51 |
Tulip-tree.................................. | .... | ... | 30 |
Vine......................................... | 77 | 83 | 80 |
Walnut, Black............ | 26 | 40 | 33 |
White............. | 40 | 58 | 49 |
Whitewood................. | 25 | 29 | 27 |
Yew............................................. | ..... | ... | 50 |
METALS. | |||
Bismuth, Cast.............. | .... | ..... | 614 |
Brass, Cast............... | 487 | 525 | 506 |
" (Gun-metal)...................... | .... | ... | 544 |
" Plate................................ | S28 | 534 | 531 |
Bronzo..................................... | 508 | 524 | 516 |
Weights per Cubic Foot.
As per Barlow, Gallier, Haswell, Hurst, Rankine, , Wood and the Author.
Material. | From | To | Average. |
Copper, Cast............................. | 537 | 549 | 543 |
" Hammered................. | .... | .... | 556 |
" Plate......................... | ... | ... | 544 |
Gold...................................... | .... | .... | 1206 |
" Standard............. | ... | ... | 1108 |
Gun-metal................ | ... | .... | 509 |
Iron, Bar.................................... | 475 | 487 | 481 |
" Cast.................. | 434 | 474 | 454 |
" Malleable......................... | ... | .... | 475 |
" Wrought........................ | 474 | 486 | 480 |
Lead, Cast................................. | 474 | .... | 709 |
" Englihs ........................... | .... | .... | 717 |
" Milled.......................... | .... | .... | 713 |
Mercury at 32o ..............,...... | .. | .... | 851 |
" " 60o ..............,....... | .... | .... | 849 |
" " 212°........... | .... | .... | 837 |
Nickle, Cast................................ | .... | .... | 488 |
Pewter....................................... | ... | .... | 453 |
Platina, Crude............................ | ... | ... | 975 |
" Pure............................ | ... | .... | 1345 |
" " Rolled............. | ... | .... | 1379 |
Plumbago..................................... | ... | ... | 142 |
Silver, Parisian Standard............. | . .. | .... | 636 |
" Pure Cast......... | ... | .... | 655 |
" " " Hammered | ... | .... | 658 |
" Standard........................... | .... | .... | 644 |
Steel...................... | 486 | 492 | 489 |
Tin, Cast...................................... | 456 | 488 | 462 |
Zinc, Cast..................................... | 429 | 449 | 439 |
STONES, EARTHS, Etc. | |||
Alabaster................................. | 165 | 180 | 173 |
Asphalt, Gritted........................ | .... | .... | 156 |
Asphaltum................ | 57 | 103 | 80 |
Barytes, Sulphate of .................. | 250 | 304 | 277 |
Basalt......................................... | 155 | 187 | 171 |
Bath Stone............................... | 122 | 156 | 139 |
Beton Coignet............................ | 124 | 134 | 129 |
Blue Stone, Common................. | .... | ... | 160 |
Brick....................... | 85 | 1:9 | 102 |
" Fire................................... | .... | .... | 138 |
" N. R. common hard... | .... | ... | 107 |
" Salmon......... | ..... | ... | 100 |
" Philadelphia Front.... | ... | ... | 105 |
Material. | From | To | Average. |
Brick-work............................. | 96 | 112 | 104 |
" dry .................................. | ... | ... | 100 |
" in Cement....... | ... | ... | 112 |
" in Mortar.................. | 100 | 120 | 110 |
Caen Stone................................. | ... | ... | 130 |
Cement, Portland........................ | ... | ... | 8 1 |
Roman, Cast...... | ... | ... | 100 |
" " and Sand, equal parts...... | ... | ... | 113 |
Chalk....................................... | 116 | 174 | 145 |
Clay...................... | 119 | 125 | 122 |
" with Gravel.......................... | ... | ... | 160 |
Coal, Anthracite.......................... | 90 | 102 | 96 |
" Brtuminous......................... | 76 | 90 | 83 |
" Cannel............... | 77 | 81 | 79 |
" Cumberland........................ | ... | ... | 85 |
Coke......................................... | 46 | 62 | 54 |
Concrete, Cement....................... | 125 | 185 | 130 |
Coquina.................................... | ... | ... | 106 |
Earth, Common......................... | 95 | 125 | 110 |
" Loamy.......................... | ... | ... | 126 |
" with Gravel....................... | ... | ... | 126 |
Emery.......................................... | ... | ... | 250 |
Feldspar.................................... | ... | ... | 160 |
Flagging, Silver Gray................. | ... | ... | 185 |
Flint........................................ | ... | ... | 163 |
Glass, Crown............................... | 155 | 165 | 160 |
" Flint................. | 171 | 195 | 183 |
" Green................ | ... | ... | 165 |
" Plate................ | 153 | 173 | 163 |
" White............................. | 167 | 181 | 174 |
Granite..................................... | 158 | 172 | 165 |
" Aberdeen...................... | ... | ... | 164 |
" Egyptian Red................ | ... | ... | 166 |
" Guernsey...................... | ... | ... | 185 |
" Quincy........................... | ... | ... | 166 |
Gravel..................................... | 90 | 120 | 105 |
Grindstone............................. | ... | .... | 134 |
Gypsum.................................. | 135 | 145 | 140 |
Lime, Unslaked....................... | ... | ... | 52 |
Limestone............................... | 139 | 199 | 169 |
" Aubigne................. | ... | .... | 146 |
" Limerick................ | ... | ... | 162 |
Marble....................................... | 161 | 178 | 170 |
" Brocatel..................... | ... | ... | 166 |
" Carrara........................ | ... | ... | 170 |
Weights per Cubic Foot.
As per Barlow, Gallier, Haswell, Hurst, Rankine, Tredgoid, Wood and the Author.
Material. | From | To | Average. |
Marble, Eastchester....................... | 167 | 178 | 173 |
" Egyptian........................ | ... | ... | 167 |
" French........................... | ... | ... | 166 |
" Italian...................................... | 165 | 169 | 167 |
Marl..................... | 100 | 179 | 140 |
Masonry..................................... | 110 | 140 | 125 |
Mica......................................... | ... | ... | 175 |
Millstone................................. | ... | ... | 155 |
Mortar...................................... | 87 | 109 | 98 |
" dry............................... | 83 | 118 | 103 |
" new........................... | ... | ... | 107 |
" Hair, incl. Lath and Nails, per foot sup. | 7 | 11 | 9 |
" Hair, dry........... | ... | .... | 86 |
" " new.................... | ... | ... | 105 |
" Sand 3 and Lime paste 2 | ... | ... | 100 |
" " 3 " " " 2 well beat together....... | ... | ... | 118 |
Peat, Hard................................. | ... | ... | 83 |
Petrified Wood.......................... | ... | ... | 146 |
Pitch....................... | ... | ... | 72 |
Plaster, Cast................................. | ... | ... | 80 |
Porphry, Green............................. | ... | ... | 180 |
" Red.......................................... | ... | ... | 175 |
Portland Stone............................ | 132 | 161 | 147 |
Pumice-stone............................. | ... | ... | 56 |
Puzzolana.................................. | ... | ... | 165 |
Quartz, Crystallized.................. | ... | ... | 165 |
Rotten-stone............................ | ... | ... | 124 |
Sand, Coarse........................... | ... | ... | 112 |
" Common...................... | 92 | 118 | 105 |
" Dry.................. | 90 | 120 | 105 |
" Moist................ | 118 | 128 | 123 |
" Mortar.............................. | ... | ... | 105 |
" Pit.................. | 92 | 101 | 97 |
" Quartz.............................. | ... | ... | 172 |
" with Gravel...................... | ... | .. . | 126 |
Sandstone................................. | 130 | 158 | 144 |
" Amherst, 0.. .. | ... | ... | 133 |
" Belleville, N.J... | ... | ... | 142 |
" Berea, O.................... | ... | ... | 134 |
" Dorchester, N. S... | ... | .... | 141 |
" Little Falls, N. J...... | ... | ... | 134 |
" " " Marietta, O. . .. | ... | ... | 162 |
" Middletown, Ct.. | ... | ... | 150 |
Material. | From | To | Average. |
Serpentine................................... | ... | ... | 165 |
" Chester, Pa................... | ... | ... | 144 |
" Green..................... | ... | .. | 152 |
Shingle................................... | ... | ... | 95 |
Slate...................... | 137 | l8l | 159 |
" Common.......................... | ... | ... | 167 |
" Cornwall....................... | ... | ... | 157 |
" Welsh ............................ | ... | ... | 180 |
Stone Artifical......................... | 120 | 150 | 135 |
" Paying............................ | ... | ... | 151 |
Stone-work............................... | 120 | 160 | 140 |
" Hewn............................ | ... | ... | 160 |
" Rubble.......... | ... | ... | 140 |
Sulphur, Melted........................ | ... | ... | 124 |
Tiles, Common plain....... | ... | ... | 115 |
Trap Rock................................... | ... | ... | 170 |
Tufa, Roman.............................. | ... | ... | 76 |
MISCELLANEOUS. | |||
Ashes, Wood........................... | ... | ... | 58 |
Bark, Peruvian............. | ... | ... | 49 |
Butter......................................... | ... | ... | 59 |
Camphor.................................... | ... | ... | 62 |
Charcoal.................................... | 17 | 34 | 26 |
Cotton, baled............................... | 14 | 25 | 20 |
Fat.............................................. | ... | ... | 58 |
Gunpowder............................... | 52 | 62 | 57 |
Gutta-percha.................................. | ... | ... | 61 |
Haybaled.................................... | 10 | 24 | 17 |
India Rubber............................. | 56 | 66 | 61 |
Isinglass.................................... | ... | ... | 69 |
Ivory........................................ | ... | ... | 114 |
Plaster of Paris............. | ... | ... | 73 |
Plumbago................................... | ... | ... | 131 |
Red Lead ................. | ... | ... | 559 |
Resin......................................... | ... | ... | 68 |
Rock Crystal............ | ... | ... | 171 |
Salt........................ | ... | .... | 133 |
Saltpetre.................................... | ... | ... | 131 |
Snow........................................ | 8 | 20 | 14 |
Sugar....................................... | 60 | 100 | 80 |
Water, Rain............................... | ... | ... | 62 1/2 |
" Sea................................ | ... | ... | 64 |
Whalebone............................... | ... | ... | 81 |
 
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