Military service is popular, and the peasantry have a great deal of excellent military spirit. The officer is also efficient, and the Government has taken very great care in selection and training, the Russian army being the pattern.

The forces are divided into three categories: the regular army, the reserve and the militia, and all Bulgarians are liable for personal service, with few exceptions, from the age of 20 to 45, substitution not being permitted. The country is divided into six divisional districts, and the annual contingent is about 18,000 men.

The peace strength is: infantry, l,300officers and 28,550 men; cavalry, 200 officers and 3,850 men; field artillery, 280 officers and 5,020 men; mountain artillery, 45 officers and 900 men; fortress artillery, 65 officers and 950 men; engineers, 18 officers and 1,900 men; transport, 20 officers and 160 men: total, 1900 officers and 41,330 men.

The total war strength is 3,810 officers, 202,-500 men, and 29,200 horses. In addition Bulgaria can count upon at. least 20,000 Komitajis, a force of semi-trained and experienced guerillas. The infantry arm is the 8 mm. Mannlicher rifle.