The armed forces of Roumania consist of the Regular Army, the Militia, and the Opoltchenie. In peace time there only exist cadres for the regular army, which is divided into permanent and territorial troops. The period of service for the permanent troops is three years, and for the territorial troops five years for the infantry and four for the calvary; but in this latter force the soldier at first only puts in three months of continuous service; he is then sent to his home and called up, in his turn, for one week each month.

The effective of the army in war is as follows: Infantry: 8 rifle battalions; 34 infantry regiments (102 battalions; altogether 2,250 officers, 126,000 men, and 4,700 horses). Cavalry: 6 Roshiori regiments (24 squadrons, forming an independent division); 11 Caalrashi regiments (44 squadrons); total, 530 officers, 13,200 men, 12,100 horses. Artillery: 12 regiments (75 batteries, 450 guns; 40 ammunition columns; 2 fortress artillery regiments); total, 930 officers, 26,900 men, 22,800 horses. Engineers: 12 sapper companies, 4 telegraph, 4 pontoon, and 4 railway companies: total, 140 officers, 6,200 men, 1,500 horses. Grand total, 2,850 officers, 169,800 men, and 41,400 horses. If to these are added the transport, auxiliary troops, 32 militia regiments, etc., the numbers will amount to 7,500 officers, 314,000 men, and 65,000 horses.