This section is from the book "Scientific American Reference Book. A Manual for the Office, Household and Shop", by Albert A. Hopkins, A. Russell Bond. Also available from Amazon: Scientific American Reference Book.

The cut above shows the Morse Code as recorded by a syphon recorder. Syphon recorders are used for receiving cable messages. It will be observed that the spaces are represented by horizontal lines, dots by loops above the space lines, and dashes by loops below the space lines.
 
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