This section is from the book "Banks And Bankers", by Daniel Hardcastle, Jun. Also available from Amazon: Banks and bankers.
The statement and balance sheet adopted at the eighth annual meeting, held March 2, 1841, showed: "that, after defraying all the current expenses, and after making ample allowance for all bad and doubtful debts, the net profits of the year amounted to 51,300l. 0s. 9d. Out of these profits the directors had paid in September a dividend for the half-year ending the 30th of June, at the rate of six per cent. per annum, on the capital of 597,280l., and they then declared a dividend at the same rate, for the half-year ending the 31st of December, upon the increased capital of 786,300l. After the payment of these dividends, which together amounted to 41,507l. 8s., there remained from the profits of the year a surplus of 9,792l. 12s. 9d., which added to 46,215l. 3s. l1d., the unappropriated profits of former years, made the surplus-fund, arising solely from Banking profits, amount to 56,007l. 16s. 8d.
Dr. | £. | s. | d. |
Payment of the dividend on the 10th September, 1841, at the rate of 3l. per cent. on a capital of 597,280l........ | 17,918 | 8 | 0 |
Payment of the dividend now de- |
clared at the rate of 3l. per cent on a capital of 786,300l. . . . | £. | s. | d. |
23,589 | 0 | 0 | |
Balance of unappropriated profits | 56,007 | 16 | 8 |
97,515 | 4 | 8 | |
Cr. | |||
Balance of unappropriated profits 31st December, 1840 .... | 46,215 | 3 | 11 |
Net profits of the year 1841, after defraying the total expense of management, and making provi-sion for all bad and doubtful | 51,300 | 0 | 9 |
97,515 | 4 | 8 | |
1842, Jan. 1. Balance of unappropriated pro-fits brought down .... | 56,007 | 16 | 8 |
The popularity and success of the London and Westminster Bank brought a competitor into the field in 1837, when the London Joint-Stock was advertized, and soon after began business. The nominal capital of this company is three millions, in 60,000 shares of 50l. each; 58,070 of these have been issued, and two calls of 5l. having been paid upon them, the actual capital is 589,700l. When Hammersley's failed, the London Joint-Stock Bank took their premises in Pall Mall, and established in them a west end branch. At the ninth half-yearly meeting, held January 12th, 1842, the assets and liabilities, up to December, 1841, appeared to be -
Dr. | £. | s. | d. |
To capital paid up, viz., 58,970 shares, at 10l.. each . . . . . . . . . | 589,700 | 0 | 0 |
Amount due by the Bank . . | 1,403,188 | 18 | 11 |
Amount of the guarantee fund, 30th June, 1841 . . . . . . . . | 72,412 | 19 | 10 |
Six months' interest thereon, at three per cent, per annum . . | 1,086 | 3 | 11 |
Amount carried to profit and loss account . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 43,660 | 2 | 2 |
2,110,048 | 4 | 10 | |
Cr. | |||
By exchequer bills, government stock, and India bonds . . . | 171,417 | 11 | 10 |
Bills discounted, loans, and cash | 1,902,755 | 13 | 0 |
Building, furniture, etc., in Princes-street . . . . . . . . . . . | 24,000 | 0 | 0 |
Ditto, ditto, in Pall Mall . . . | 11,875 | 0 | 0 |
2,110,048 | 4 | 10 |
The Union Bank of London, which started in 1839, has a nominal capital of 3,000,000l. sterling, in 60,000 shares of 50l each; 42,280 of these shares (on each of which 10l. has been paid, making the ready-money capital 422,800l.) are in the hands of 730 proprietors. It has three establishments, - a head office in Moorgate-street, and two branches, one in Argyle-place and the other in Pall Mall East, taken when the Metropolitan Bank withdrew from business. At the general meeting held July 12th, 1841, the affairs of the Bank6 appeared to be -
Liabilities. | |||
Dr. | £. | s. | d. |
Paid up capital, 10l. per share, on 42,270 shares...... | 422,700 | 0 | 0 |
6About the best thing a joint-stock Bank can have is a good manager, and perhaps the most valuable talent he can possess is the faculty of judging, when a bill is offered to him for discount, whether it is legitimate or not; that is to say, whether it represents a bond fide transaction between the parties to it. A friend of mine, a bill-broker in the City, tells me, that of all the men he has met in the course of business, the general manager of the Union Bank possesses this talent in the most extraordinary perfection. The moment a London bill is shown him, he can tell whether a transaction to its amount can have properly passed between the parties; and will give off hand the most minute and extraordinarily correct information regarding the means and credit of the drawer, accepter, and endorsers.
Due by the Bank on current accounts, deposit receipts, (inclu-ding interest accrued,) and for bills at six months' date . . . | £. | s. | d. |
503,550 | 5 | 8 | |
Reserved fund, invested in three per cent. consols., as per contra | 2,032 | 13 | 0 |
928,283 | 18 | 8 | |
Surplus profit . . | 24,573 | 3 | 8 |
952,856 | 2 | 4 | |
Assets. | |||
Cr. Cash in the Bank, in the Bank of England, loans, exchequer bills, and bills discounted .... | 919,032 | 14 | 0 |
2,213l. 4s. 11d. three per cent, consols, (reserved fund) . . . | 2,032 | 13 | 0 |
Bank premises, including freehold building in Argyle-place, and purchase of premises, 4, Pall Mall East....... | 15,290 | 15 | 4 |
Preliminary expenses .... | 16,500 | 0 | 0 |
952,856 | 2 | 4 |
Dividend five per cent on paidup capital, viz.: Twelve months on 211,350l. Six months on . 211,350l. | £. | s. | d. |
15,851 | 5 | 0 | |
Set apart as an addition to the reserved fund . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 2,000 | 0 | 0 |
______ proportion of preliminary expenses . . . . . . . . . . | 500 | 0 | 0 |
Undivided profit - carried to profit and loss, new account for bad debts, and rebate of interest on | 6,221 | 18 | 8 |
24,573 | 3 | 8 | |
Profit, as above, after deducting all expenses paid or due, and interest (7555l. 11s. 1d.) al-lowed to customers on their deposits and current accounts . | 24,573 | 3 | 8 |
The Commercial Bank of London is the last of the London joint-stock Banks that came into the field. It differs in point of constitution from its competitors in having its shares of so large an amount as 1000l. each. When Messrs. Wright & Co. failed, the Commercial Bank purchased the house in Henrietta-steet, Covent Garden, and being joined by several new trustees and directors, connexions of the extinct firm, added a West-end branch to its establishment in the city.
By the annexed account laid before the general meeting of the shareholders, July 19, 1841, it will be seen that, after deducting current expenses, and bad and doubtful debts, a balance of 5,658l. 2s. 7d. was left at the disposal of the meeting, from which the directors proposed to declare a dividend of four per cent, on the paid-up capital, to be calculated from the opening of the Bank, and from the day of the payment of the respective calls. This amounted to 2684l. 14s. 3d., leaving a balance for rebate of interest upon bills not due, and to commence the formation of a guarantee fund of 2,973l. 8s. 4d.
Balance Sheet. | |||
Dr. | |||
Subscribed capital . . 400,000£. | £. | s. | d. |
Paid-up ditto ......................... | 80,000 | 0 | 0 |
Balances due to customers of the Bank .................. | 168,977 | 19 | 5 |
Balance carried down after paying current expenses and deducting bad and doubtful debts, being profit . . . . | £. | s. | d. |
5,658 | 2 | 7 | |
254,636 | 2 | 0 | |
Cr. | |||
Cash in hand and government securities.............................. | 85,566 | 16 | 1 |
Bills discounted, loans to cus-tomers on securities, etc. . . | 162,413 | 6 | 0 |
Preliminary expenses .... | 6,655 | 19 | 11 |
254,636 | 2 | 0 | |
Dividend at four per cent from the opening of the Bank . . | 2,684 | 14 | 3 |
Vote to directions........................ | 1,000 | 0 | 0 |
Balance to profit and loss new account for rebate of interest on bills not due, and to com-mence a guarantee fund . . | 1,973 | 8 | 4 |
5,658 | 2 | 7 | |
Balance, profit, and loss brought down........................................ | 5,658 | 2 | 7 |
Account of the Aggregate Amount of all the Notes of Private and Joint Stock Banks in England and Wales in Circulation on the last day of every Week7, from the passing of the Act 3 & 4 William IV, c. 83, to the 28th March 1840.
Date of Weeks. | Private Banks. | Joint Stock Banks. | Total. | ||
No. of Returns | Amount. | No. of Returns. | Amount. | ||
1833. | £. | £. | £. | ||
August 31 .. | 220 | 5,667,963 | 30 | 1,061,007 | 6,728,970 |
September 7 | 235 | 5,989,958 | 30 | 1,087,018 | 7,076,976 |
October 5 .. | 246 | 6,646.129 | 31 | 1,197,346 | 7,843,475 |
November 2 | 249 | 6,874,275 | 32 | 1,242,777 | 8,117,052 |
December 7 | 250 | 6,355,129 | 34 | 1,203,610 | 7,558,739 |
1834. | |||||
January 4.. | 258 | 6,507,120 | 36 | 1,224,056 | 7,731,176 |
February 1 | 259 | 6,638,682 | 39 | 1,294,231 | 7,932,913 |
March 1.... | 259 | 6,444,023 | 39 | 1,407,874 | 7,851,897 |
April 5 .... | 259 | 7,017,085 | 39 | 1,486,521 | 8,503,606 |
May 3....... | 259 | 7,004,781 | 43 | 1,519,641 | 8,524,422 |
June 7 ..... | 263 | 6,526,314 | 44 | 1,475,909 | 8,002,223 |
July 5 ............ | 265 | 6,341,756 | 45 | 1,531,902 | 7,873,658 |
August 2 .. | 265 | 6,369,863 | 46 | 1,513,623 | 7,883,486 |
September 6 | 266 | 6,463,578 | 48 | 1,607,420 | 8,070,998 |
October 4 .. | 268 | 6,906,588 | 48 | 1,765,999 | 8,672,587 |
November I | 268 | 7,054,164 | 48 | 1,854,843 | 8,909,007 |
December 6 | 268 | 6,464,587 | 48 | 1,750,102 | 8,214,689 |
7 The original return (Report 1840; Appendix, pp. 265-270; Report 1841; Appendix, pp. 281-282.) from which this account is abridged, is made up for the last day of every week - I have thought it enough to give here the circulation on the last day of the first week in each month.
Date of Weeks. | Private Banks. | Joint Stock Banks. | Total. | ||
No. of Returns. | Amount. | No. of Returns. | Amount. | ||
1835. | £. | £. | £. | ||
January 3.. | 271 | 6,523,445 | 50 | 1,760,795 | 8,284,240 |
February 7 | 271 | 6,750,187 | 50 | 1,881,924 | 8,632,111 |
March 7 ...... | 271 | 6,554,401 | 50 | 1,915,386 | 8,469,787 |
April 4 .... | 270 | 6,839,456 | 50 | 2,015,794 | 8,855,250 |
May 2...... | 270 | 7,052,291 | 50 | 2,168,962 | 9,221,253 |
June 6 .... | 272 | 6,663,842 | 50 | 2,169,121 | 8,832,963 |
July 4...... | 275 | 6 500,008 | 50 | 2,108,105 | 8,608,113 |
August 1 .. | 275 | 6,544,808 | 50 | 2,110,392 | 8,655,200 |
September 5 | 276 | 6,413,353 | 52 | 2,130,176 | 8,543,529 |
October 3 .. | 276 | 6,797,961 | 52 | 2,299,843 | 9,097,804 |
November 7 | 276 | 6,970,255 | 52 | 2,415,352 | 9,385,607 |
December 5 | 276 | 6,608,850 | 53 | 2,354,200 | 8,963,050 |
1836. | |||||
January 2 .. | 276 | 6,619,151 | 56 | 2,335,694 | 8,954,845 |
February 6 | 277 | 6,914,329 | 56 | 2,608,253 | 9,522,582 |
March 5.... | 277 | 6,819,975 | 58 | 2,794,322 | 9,614,297 |
April 2 .... | 278 | 7,277,905 | 59 | 3,000,846 | 10,278,751 |
May 7 ___ | 279 | 7,359,199 | 59 | 3,224,984 | 10,584,183 |
V June 4 .... | 281 | 6,772,042 | 63 | 3,130,530 | 9,902,572 |
July 2...... | 281 | 6,658,109 | 73 | 3,253,224 | 9,911,333 |
August 6 .. | 282 | 6,701,142 | 75 | 3,510,969 | 10,212,111 |
September 3 | 282 | 6,579,598 | 77 | 3,612,624 | 10,192,222 |
October 1 .. | 281 | 6,810,934 | 78 | 3,866,380 | 10,677,314 |
November 5 | 281 | 7,022,495 | 84 | 4,093,460 | 11,115,955 |
December 3 | 281 | 6,700,680 | 84 | 3,774,374 | 10,475,054 |
1837. | |||||
January 7 ..... | 281 | 6,772,002 | 84 | 3,629,092 | 10,401,094 |
February 4 | 281 | 6,838,711 | 84 | 3,636,159 | 10,474,870 |
March 4.... | 281 | 6,551,451 | 83 | 3,568,403 | 10,119,854 |
April 1 .... | 281 | 6,856,653 | 83 | 3,705,310 | 10,561,963 |
May 6...... | 283 | 6,922,041 | 83 | 3,721,582 | 10,643,623 |
June 3 .... | 283 | 6,466 058 | 83 | 3,510,523 | 9,976,581 |
July 1....... | 283 | 6,202,125 | 83 | 3,355,703 | 9,557,828 |
August 5 .. | 283 | 6,210,379 | 85 | 3,356,367 | 9,566,746 |
September 2 | 284 | 6,240,719 | 86 | 3,439,453 | 9,680,172 |
Private Banks. | Joint Stock Banks. | ||||
Date of Weeks. | No. of Returns. | Amount. | No. of Returns. | Amount. | Total. |
1837. | £. | £. | £. | ||
October 7 ... | 284 | 6,820,951 | 86 | 3,878,902 | 10,699,853 |
November 4 | 284 | 6,864,925 | 87 | 3,940,748 | 10,805,673 |
December 2 | 284 | 6,452,399 | 88 | 3,705,302 | 10,157,701 |
1838. | |||||
January 6 .. | 287 | 6,587,154 | 88 | 3,753,874 | 10,341,028 |
February 3 | 287 | 6,692,149 | 88 | 3,812,376 | 10,504,525 |
March 3.... | 288 | 6,564,012 | 88 | 3,864,637 | 10,428,649 |
April 7 .... | 288 | 7,087,154 | 88 | 4,301,350 | 11,388,504 |
May 5........ | 288 | 7,224,697 | 88 | 4,442,554 | 11,667,161 |
June 2 .... | 288 | 6,890,126 | 88 | 4,315,839 | 11,205,965 |
July 7 .... | 287 | 6,778,594 | 88 | 4,268,890 | 11,047,484 |
August 4 .. | 287 | 6,717,001 | 88 | 4,208,928 | 10,925,929 |
September 1 | 287 | 6,672,906 | 88 | 4,207,958 | 10,880,864 |
October 6 .. | 286 | 7,103,192 | 88 | 4,587,571 | 11,690,763 |
November 3 | 286 | 7,347,362 | 88 | 4,732,763 | 12,080,125 |
December 1 | 286 | 7,113,915 | 88 | 4,529,068 | 11,642,983 |
1839. | |||||
January 5 .. | 288 | 7,374,947 | 88 | 4,547,945 | 11,922,892 |
February 2 | 288 | 7,479,656 | 88 | 4,560,061 | 12,039,717 |
March 2.... | 288 | 7,273,164 | 88 | 4,571,060 | 11,844,224 |
April 6..... | 288 | 7,689,795 | 89 | 4,839,408 | 12,529,203 |
May 4 .... | 288 | 7,748,524 | 90 | 4,902,757 | 12,651,281 |
June 1 .... | 288 | 7,212,658 | 90 | 4,508,055 | 11,720,713 |
July 6 .... | 288 | 6,946,327 | 90 | 4,298,203 | 11,244,530 |
August 3 .. | 288 | 6,737,356 | 90 | 4,131,718 | 10,869,074 |
September 7 | 288 | 6,645,097 | 90 | 4,073,928 | 10,719,025 |
October 5 .. | 288 | 7,258,845 | 90 | 4,367,841 | 11,626,686 |
November 2 | 288 | 7,391,440 | 91 | 4,437,973 | 11,829,413 |
December 7 | 288 | 6,795,663 | 91 | 4,036,638 | 10,832,301 |
1840. | |||||
January 4 .. | 281 | 6,552,621 | 90 | 3,896,538 | 10,449,159 |
February 1 | 280 | 6,605,147 | 91 | 3,931,991 | 10,537,138 |
Date of Weeks. | Private Banks. | Joint Stock Banks. | Total. | ||
No. of Returns. | No. of Returns. | ||||
Amount. | Amount. | ||||
1840. | £. | £. | £. | ||
March 7. ... | 280 | 6,354,570 | 91 | 3,897,258 | 10,251,828 |
April 4 .... | 287 | 6,996,195 | 92 | 4,148,317 | 11,144,512 |
May 2 .... | 287 | 7,221,242 | 92 | 4,268,085 | 11,489,327 |
June 6 .... | 288 | 6,685,347 | 93 | 4,071,835 | 10,757,182 |
July 4 .... | 288 | 6,352,248 | 93 | 3,777,693 | 10,129,941 |
August 1 .. | 289 | 6,291,093 | 93 | 3,576,200 | 9,867,293 |
September 5 | 289 | 6,207,656 | 93 | 3,594,184 | 9,801,840 |
October 3 .. | 289 | 6,706,135 | 93 | 3,911,915 | 10,618,050 |
November 7 | 290 | 6,716,806 | 93 | 3,921,805 | 10,638,611 |
December 5 | 290 | 6,251,688 | 94 | 3,626,401 | 9,878,089 |
1841. | |||||
January 2 .. | 287 | 6,130,551 | 91 | 3,514,170 | 9,644,721 |
February 6 | 287 | 6,256,530 | 91 | 3,592,332 | 9,848,862 |
March 6 .. | 287 | 6,223,647 | 91 | 3,656,352 | 9,879,999 |
April 3 .... | 287 | 6,600,967 | 91 | 3,860,119 | 10,461,086 |
May 1 .... | 287 | 6,641,808 | 91 | 3,945,429 | 10,587,237 |
June 5 .... | 287 | 6,061,945 | 91 | 3,619,203 | 9,681,148 |
N.B. These two sets of official returns, one weekly and the other quarterly, have been published by the Stamp Office, and printed by order of the House of Commons. They differ in amount as much as two millions, which has been ascribed either to the failure of certain Banks, to their having joined other companies, or to their inability to comply with the directions of the committee.
 
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