This section is from the book "Modern Banking; Commercial And Credit Paper", by Frederick Silver. Also available from Amazon: Modern banking; Commercial and credit paper.
A stamp once having been affixed to an instrument and cancelled cannot lawfully be removed and attached to another instrument. Refund will be made by the collector of internal revenue for amounts paid for stamps used in excess of requirements, or on instruments not actually effective and for which a substitute is prepared and stamped, or on instruments not subject to tax.
The liability to tax and the amount thereof, is determined by the form and face of a check or draft and cannot be affected by proof of facts or circumstances outside of the instrument. Payment for the stamp is a matter for adjustment between the parties, but the obligation rests upon the drawee, payee, or indorsee of a draft to see that the tax is paid before or at the time of acceptance or delivery, and both parties to a promissory note are responsible for affixing and cancelling stamps in the required amount.
 
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