This section is from the book "The National Cook Book", by A Lady Of Philadelphia. Also available from Amazon: I Know How to Cook.
For the convenience of those who have no scales and weights, the following table has been arranged. The measures correspond as nearly as possible with the weight of the different articles specified. These measures will answer for all the plainer cakes, etc but greater accuracy is necessary for the richer kinds.
Avoirdupois is the weight employed in this table.
Sixteen ounces - - are - - one pound.
Eight ounces - - are - - half a pound.
Four ounces - - are - - a quarter of a pound.
White sugar, (pulverized) four gills and a half, equal one pound. Light brown sugar, three half pints, equal one pound.
" " nine heaping table spoonsful, equal one pound.
Wheat flour, one quart and one table spoonful, eqnal one pound. " fifteen heaping table spoonsful, equal one pound.
Ten eggs, equal one pound.
Fine Indian meal, one quart, equals one pound five ounces.
Coarse " one quart, equals one pound nine ounces.
Butter, one common sized tea-cup holds a quarter of a pound. Spices, (ground) two large table spoonsful, equal one ounce.
Nutmegs, (whole) seven common sized, equal one ounce.
Two gills - - - are - - - half a pint.
Four gills - - - are - - - one pint.
Two pints - - - are - - - one quart.
Four quarts - - - are - - - one gallon.
Six common table spoonsful - - - equal one gill.
One wine glassful - - - - - equals half a gill.
One common sized tumblerful - - - equals half a pint.
 
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