This section is from the book "The London Art Of Cookery and Domestic Housekeepers' Complete Assistant", by John Farley. Also available from Amazon: The London Art of Cookery.
Should always use the cinders reserved for her use by the cook, as they will answer equally well with coals; and when burnt either in the ironing stove or under the copper, will give an intense heat. She will find that by soaking the clothes over night in soft water, that they will wash much more easily ; especially if the parts most soiled be slightly rubbed with soap. The best laundresses use a ley made by pouring water upon wood-ashes, and straining through an hair-cloth : this ley not only saves soap, but gives a beautiful whiteness to the linen. In washing flannels, be careful never to pour boding water upon them, as it will thicken them ; but take the flannels, and put them in scalding water, which will keep them thin. Ink-stains, fruit-stains, and iron-mould, are easily removed by using the essential salt of lemons. Spirit of salt may be also used for the same purpose; but if the part is not immediately washed with soap and water, the texture of the linen may be hurt by it. In getting up finethings, the clear-starchers use gum-water; but as gum-arabie is very dear, its use should be confined to the finest articles.
The Butler Has, in most situations, nearly as great responsibility as the housekeeper; of course, like her, he has the superintendence of the footmen, and he should be particularly careful that the table, sideboard, etc. are well cleaned and rubbed; that the glasses and plate are brilliant and unsullied; and that both the disposition of the table and sideboard are neat and elegant. For cleaning plate, there is not any thing equal to rouge, the substance used for that purpose by the silversmiths and their polishers: it may be had at Fenn's, in Newgate Street; and at Knight's, in Forster Lane. In using it, a very small quantity may either be wetted with water, and slightly rubbed over the plate with a soft spunge, and afterwards polished with soft leather: or it may be mixed with olive oil, and use the leather. The cellar should be ever kept with the greatest neatness ; and it will be highly creditable to the butler, if a regular cellar-book is kept; by means of which, his master will easily perceive the faithful disposal of every bottle consumed. - See Wines and Beer.
The Footman Will be under the control of the butler, and it will be greatly to his credit if every thing be kept in the neatest and best order. The decanters are apt to become furred, in which case they may be effectually cleansed and restored to their brilliancy, by scraping a raw potatoe into a pint of water: with this, rinse them, and wash it out with clean water. An highly polished table and sideboard should be the footman's pride : to obtain which, the Speenhausan receipt will very much contribute: take cold-drawn linsed oil, two quarts; alkanet-root bruised, two ounces; rose-pink, one ounce: put them together into a bottle, let them stand for a fortnight, shaking the bottle three or four times a day. To use this oil, the table must be first washed with warm vinegar, and when dry, the oil rubbed on with a linen cloth ; in this state it should remain at least six hours, when it may be wiped off with linen, and then polished with a linen cloth. Observe, you must never use a woollen cloth. At every other clean -ing, it will be sufficient to use the oily cloth, and polish with a dry one. Tables rubbed with oil, acquire in time a polish unattainable by any other means: the common tables at Speen Hill are a proof of this. But as this oil requires a constant and continued use, it may not perhaps, on the whole, be as well liked as the following: take four ounces of beeswax, and half an ounce of white rosin, melt them in one ounce of olive oil, adding rose-pink to make it of a beautiful colour: to this composition add as much spirit of turpentine as will make it of the thickness of honey. Rub it on the table with a piece of linen cloth, and polish with a clean cloth. The turpentine will fly off, consequently a little more must be added, as it grows too thick. Nothing will more effectually clean coats, etc. after they have been first beaten and brushed, than by sprinkling them with a little dry sand, and brushing it off with the grain of the cloth. Grease spots may be removed by scraping upon them a little French chark, robbing it in well with the finger, and afterwards brashing it off: or by dropping a few drops of spirit of turpentine upon it, and rubbing it in well. The best blacking for shoes, is made by dissolving the improved blacking-cake in water, when i. sold by Bailey, in Cockspur Street. And the following is an inva-luable recipe for cleaning boot-tops: take half an ounce of oil of vitriol, two ounces of water, and mix gradually in a strong earthen pot; (if not mixed gradually with the water, it will heat too much and crack the pot). With this liquid wash the boot-tops, and wipe them dry. Have ready the white of one egg well beaten in the juice of a lemon, and when well mixed, add half a pint of milk. With this mixture, wash over the boot-tops : when dry, wash then, with milk and water, wipe them quite dry, and brush them with a clean hard brush.
 
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