This section is from the book "The American Garden Vol. XI", by L. H. Bailey. Also available from Amazon: American Horticultural Society A to Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants.
By L. R. Taft. Pp. 27. Illustrated. Professor Taft has made some interesting trials in making and heating forcing-houses. This bulletin describes the method of construction of two forcing-houses recently erected, and which may serve as models for commercial growers. Several methods of ventilating and glazing were employed, and opinions are now expressed as to the relative merits of each. It is probable that different estimates will need to be placed upon some of the methods of glazing after they have endured the trials of ten or a dozen years. The bulletin should be studied by everyone who contemplates building a glass house. The most important features of construction are summarized by Professor Taft as follows: "In the construction of forcing houses for commercial purposes, we believe that the best results will be secured if the walls are built of grout (cement, sand and cobble-stones) below the surface of the outside soil, with a portion above the grading of wood, with from two to four thicknesses of boards, two of building paper and an air space. If properly built, however, a wall entirely of grout will prove almost indestructible. We should build the roof of permanent sash bars, and use glass at least twelve inches wide.
The butting of the glass has given us entire satisfaction. * * Gasser's glazing strip will make a tight roof".
The most important part of this bulletin is the discussion of the relative merits of steam and hot water heating. The two houses, exactly alike, were used for a test extending through the winter. Both were heated with Furman boilers, one being piped for hot water (with wrought iron pipes), and the other for steam. Very complete records were kept of the outside and inside temperatures, and of the amount of coal consumed. This is one of the most important tests yet made at the stations, and should command universal attention. It was found that less coal was used in the hot water plant, and that a higher temperature was maintained and the range of fluctuation was less. The following tabulation will indicate the extent of saving in coal, and the average temperatures secured.
 
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