This section is from the book "The American Garden Vol. XI", by L. H. Bailey. Also available from Amazon: American Horticultural Society A to Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants.
For autumn flowers, sow pansy seed in any partially shaded spot - it will be better if in some low damp soil - and transplant about the first of September. Pansies make a far more pleasing second crop than rag-weed or purslane, which you will surely have unless you give the ground some useful work to do. Pansies, by common consent, are called spring flowers, when, in fact, they can be had in the greatest profusion and luxuriance in autumn ; and what is more beautiful in the garden than pansies in Indian summer ? They are as bright and cheerful then as in June. The handsomest pansies 1 ever gathered were from self-sown seed, having hid itself in a lily bed, where it grew uncared for, unnoticed and unmolested, until all the other flowers had succumbed to frost. Give the pansies a fair chance and there are no plants that will repay so liberally for all the attention they have received. There is no flower in the garden that speaks to us so plainly as does the pansy. Its broad, full, cheerful face is all expression.
The mignonette is a fitting companion for the pansy. It is modest, sweet and retiring. For saucer bouquets, pansies and mignonette blend most happily together. Make rich any vacant place you may have, work the soil deep, then sow the seed any time in July or early August, and after your fair-weather friends have been frost-bitten, the Frenchman's "Little Darling" will show you a friendship that the frost only sweetens. There are many varieties of mignonette listed in the seedsmen's catalogues, as there are of all popular flowers. For the open border we prefer Golden Queen, but you cannot go astray in planting any of the popular kinds. One important consideration must not be overlooked, viz.: If you wish mignonette in perfection, the soil in which it is grown must be worked deep, must be very rich, moderately heavy and moist. - C. L. A.
 
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