(Christopher Encel in 1577 wrote a book on oak galls). Composite. Herbs or sub-shrubs, one or two of which have been sparingly introduced for planting in the southern parts of the United States.

Rather showy plants with mostly yellow-rayed naked-stalked heads (rays now and then absent), and yellow or brownish disk: leaves alternate or opposite, entire, toothed or lobed, often white-tomentose: rays neutral, disk-flowers perfect; pappus none or an awn or scale for each margin or angle of the achene. - About 30 species, Utah and Calif, to Chile.

Californica

Nutt. Woody at base, 2-4 ft. high, strong-scented, rather hoary, or becoming green: leaves 1-2 in. long, ovate to broadly lanceolate, usually entire, indistinctly 3-ribbed from the base, abruptly stalked: heads 2 1/2 in. across, the golden yellow rays numerous, 2-4-toothed: seeds obovate, with long, silky hairs on the callous margins and a shallow notch at the tip. Calif., Ariz.

Adenophora

Greenm. Stout almost woody herb, 3-6 ft., sometimes 10 ft., glandular-hairy throughout: lower leaves opposite, stalked, ovate or deltoid, 2 1/2-4 in. long, 3-nerved; upper leaves gradually smaller: flowers cymose, the rays pale yellow, sometimes tinged with orange. Autumn. N. Mex. - Not hardy north of Washington,

DC- N. Taylor.†