This section is from the book "The Gardener's Monthly And Horticulturist V27", by Thomas Meehan. See also: Four-Season Harvest: Organic Vegetables from Your Home Garden All Year Long.
In these seasonable hints we endeavor to present such facts as may serve to jog the memory, keeping that which is absolutely new for the body of our work. In the South tree planting will be about over, while in the bleaker North with its remarkably persistent winter the work has but just begun. The fall of the year is the best planting season South; April and May, in the North. What we say now for the North will therefore soon be seasonable South; only a few months ahead of time, and therefore not likely to be forgotten. In regard to planting, we cannot do better than repeat advice we have more than once given in our paper, that to be successful, we should not let the roots dry for an instant between taking up and planting, everybody knows, but everybody don't do it; in fact, everybody deceives himself. We have seen this distinguished individual leave the tops of trees exposed to the sun, with a mat or straw thrown over the roots, and think all was right - or heel in for a day or two, by just throwing a little dirt over the roots.
This is a little good; but everybody's fault is, that although this may be ten minutes of good, he expects to get ten hours, or even ten days' value out of it; and thus he suffers more than if he had done nothing, because he forgets that the branches evaporate moisture from the roots in a dry wind, and the juices go from the roots through the branches very nearly as well as directly to the air from the roots themselves. So with heeling in. The soil is thrown in lightly, or at most just "kicked" down. "It is only temporary," very few of the roots come in contact with the soil. They can draw in no moisture to supply the waste of evaporation, and thus they stay day after day - everybody satisfied because he sees the roots covered; really worse than if they had been exposed. We have no doubt that more trees are lost from imperfect heeling in than from any other cause whatever. Of course, if the tops be covered as well as the roots, there is less waste of moisture and more chance of success.
Where evergreens can be benefited by pruning, April is a very good month to attempt it. If a tree is thin in foliage at the base, the top of the tree, leader and all, must be cut away. It makes no difference what the kind is, all will make new leaders after being cut back, if properly attended to. We make this remark because there is a prevalent idea that pines will not stand this cutting. Of course the trimming should be done in a conical manner, so as to conform to the conical style of the evergreen tree. Sometimes an evergreen, especially a pine, will rather turn up some of the ends of its side branches than push out another leader; when this is the case, cut these away, and a real leader will form the second year.
In regard to lawn management there has been nothing much developed of late years. Of course our readers know now, that much of the complaint about small weeds getting ahead in the grass, comes from cutting the grass too short with the lawn mower. But the first cutting in spring should be done as early as possible, and as short as possible, or else when cut in summer it will leave a brown appearance every time.
 
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