Branches of the following varieties are suggested: Northern Spy, Ben Davis, Wolf River, Early Harvest, Fameuse, Jonathan, Lady, Spitzenburg, Duchess of Oldenburg, Pippin, Greening, Russet, Bellflower.

1. Make a drawing, natural size, and four inches in length, of a twig, including the branch buds and leaf spurs, of at least four varieties. Describe the difference between a branch bud and a leaf spur.

2. Draw at least three fruit spurs, including the branch, natural size, and four inches in length. What difference do you note externally between the branch bud and the fruit bud? Is there any difference in size, shape, or position of the branch bud and the fruit bud? Describe fully. How are the buds constructed? Study carefully the differences between the leaf spur and the fruit spur. How does the bud on the leaf spur differ from the bud found on one-year-old wood?

3. Tear the buds apart, and draw a separate scale from both the fruit bud and the branch bud. Describe any difference between the scale found on the branch bud and that found on the fruit bud.

4. Now with a very sharp knife make a longitudinal and a cross section of a branch bud and of a fruit bud. Make a separate drawing, at least one inch in length, of each. Can you detect any flowers or embryonic fruit? Describe the difference as seen in a cross section of both the fruit bud and the branch bud. Describe any varietal differences observed from your study.