The whole brute creation rear their young with a certainty of their arriving at maturity without sickness of any kind. Human infants and children do not fare so well. These are forced to undergo cruel and needless suffering, while only a little more than half of them ever reach maturity.

In her Notes on Nursing, 1860, Florence Nightingale tells us that at that time "one in every seven infants in this civilized land of England perishes before it is one year old." That in London "two in every five die before they are five years old;" in the "other great cities of England, nearly one out of two." She says: "More than 25,000 children die every year in London under ten years of age."

In his Shut Your Mouth, 1870, George Catlin records that: "From the Bills of Mortality which are annually produced in the civilized world, we learn that in London and other large towns in England, and cities of the Continent, on an average, one half of the human race die before they reach the age of five years, and one half of the remainder die before they reach the age of twenty-five, thus leaving but one in four to share the chances of lasting from the age of twenty- five to old age.

"Statistical accounts showed, not many years past, that in London, one half of the children died under three years, in Stockholm, one half died under two years, and in Manchester, one half died under five years."

Such a mortality, as Catlin shows, was enormous compared to the almost negligible infant and child mortality he found in his Ethnographic labors among 150 tribes of North and South American Indians.

In a foot note Catlin Points out 10, 15 and sometimes 20 deaths a week occurred in London from the suffocation of infants in bed with their parents. He quotes the Times as saying, in May 1860 that a Mr. Wakley "had held inquests over more than 100 infants which had died during the past winter, from the same cause, their parents covering them entirely over, compelling them to breathe their own breath." He also quotes the Report of the Register-General as saying "suffocation in bed, by overlaying or shutting off air from the child is the most frequent cause of violent deaths of children in England."

Happily, deaths from this cause are things of history. It required a long time for loving parents to abandon the practice of smothering their children to death, just as it will yet require many more years for the "loving" parents of today to cease murdering their children in other ways. We have a nation of semi-invalids with an enormous infant and child death rate and we see the mothers and fathers of these children feeding them, drugging them and caring for them (abusing them) in a manner to produce all of this suffering and dying and then refusing to open their eyes and ears to the ugly truth, that their children, whom they profess to love, are being murdered.

The folowing table by Dr. Emerson, showing deaths in infants, children and young persons in Philadelphia during the period of 1826 to 1830 inclusive, is copied from How to Feed the Baby, by Dr. Page:

	Under 1 year	Between 1 and 2	Between 2 and 5	Between 5 and 20	Totals
January	281	81	102	109	573
February	382	109	123	131	745
March	322	119	122	138	701
April	342	107	125	122	696
May	250	98	107	107	562
June	510	148	84	105	847
July	836	249	117	120	1322
August	546	317	120	165	1148
September	377	221	140	185	923
October	324	127	117	153	721
November	267	90	114	132	603
December	269	90	114	135	608
TOTAL	4,706	1,756	1,385	1,602	9,449

Examining this table, we are stuck with the fact that more deaths occur under one year than during the next nineteen and more than twice as many die under two years than during the succeeding eighteen. Dr. Emerson failed to account for this terribly disproportionate mortality in infants. He attributed to the heat, their summer mortality.