Virginia Snakeroot, Aristolochia serpentaria and A. reticulata. Official in England, Japan, Mexico, and the U. S. This drug is classed among the simple bitters. See "Gentian." The dose of the tr. (N. F.) is 30 to 60 minims; fl., 5 to 15 minims. The drug has some reputation as a mild diaphoretic and expectorant. In hot infusion, or the tr. or fl. added to any hot drink, I have found it quite useful in the beginning of a "cold" or suppressed secretion due to a "cold." Also it prepares the system for quinine.