A. L.L., March 27,1906

This was the initial experiment of a series in which the three subjects took essentially the same amount of cream. The details of the experiment are given in table 184. In the 341 grams of cream used only 5 per cent of the energy came from protein and 8 per cent from carbohydrates. The basal value employed was the average of two values determined a week or more later. Following the ingestion of the cream, measurable increases in carbon-dioxide production and heat production were observed in the first three periods, with a value essentially basal in the fourth period. The measurements of the oxygen consumption showed practically no variations from the basal value. Apparently the ingestion of the cream affected only the carbon-dioxide production and heat production.

Table 184. - A. L. L., March 27, 1906. Sitting. (2-Hour Periods). Cream

Amount, 341 grams;2 nitrogen, 1.46 grams; total energy, 748 cals.

Fuel value: Total, 735 cals.; from protein, 5 p. ct.; from fat, 87 p. ct.; from carbohydrates, 8 p. ct.

Nitrogen in urine, 0.72 gram per 2 hours.3 Basal values (April 3 and 6, 1906): CO2, 47 grams; O2, 43 grams; heat, 145 cals.

1See pp. 67 to 69. The results of the 24-hour experiment are given in table 14, p. 64.

2Also 10 grams lime water and 253 grams water, a total of 604 grams.

3Sample included amount for about 1 1/4 hours without food preceding experiment.

H. R. D., March 28, 1906

Approximately the same amount of cream was used as in the preceding experiment, 399 grams being taken. The details of this experiment are given in table 185. An increment in carbon-dioxide production was found in all of the periods of the experiment, with an increase in oxygen consumption in the first two periods. The value for the increase in the oxygen in the first period is erroneous, as the respiratory quotient for this period was only 0.55. The results obtained from the measurement of the heat production were irregular, but gave positive increases, although the total increment was small.

Table 185. - H. R. D., March 28, 1906. Sitting. (2-Hour Periods). Cream

Amount, 399 grams;1 nitrogen, 1.71 grams; total energy, 875 cals.

Fuel value: Total, 860 cals.; from protein, 5 p. ct.; from fat, 87 p. ct.;from carbohydrates, 8 p. ct. Nitrogen in urine, 0.76 gram per 2 hours. Basal values (February 6 to April 20, 1906): CO2, 47 grams; O2. 42 grams; heat, 146 cals.

1Also 9 grams lime-water and 194 grams water, a total of 602 grams.

A. H. M., April 5, 1906

The subject took 345 grams of cream before this experiment. The basal value used was the average of two values determined approximately 7 weeks before. According to the results given in table 186, increments in the three factors of metabolism were observed in the first and second periods; approximately basal values were obtained in the third period. From this and the two preceding experiments, it is evident that the ingestion of cream had a positive influence upon the metabolism.

Table 186. - A. H. M., April 5, 1906. Sitting. (2-Hour Periods). Cream

Amount, 345 grams;1 nitrogen, 1.44 grams; total energy, 779 cals.

Fuel value: Total, 766 cals.; from protein, 5 p. ct.; from fat, 87 p. ct.; from carbohydrates 8 p. ct. Basal values (February 12 and 14, 1906): CO2, 45 grams; 02, 40 grams; heat, 142 cals.

1Also 6 grams lime-water and 246 grams water, a total of 597 grams.

J. J. C, March 22, 1910

The details of the first experiment in Boston with cream are given in table 187. A larger amount of cream was taken by this subject than by the subjects of the Middletown experiments, the amount being 445 grams. In the first hour no increment was obtained for any one of the three factors. Slight increases in the carbon-dioxide production and oxygen consumption were observed in the 3 following hours but the values for heat production were invariably below the basal value. There was a slight increase in the pulse rate during the two middle periods. At first sight these results would seem to confirm Gigon's1 contention that the ingestion of a fat diet may result in a decreased katabolism. On the other hand, as the carbon-dioxide production and oxygen consumption showed a positive, though slight, increase and Gigon's measurements were based upon the gaseous metabolism and not upon direct measurements of the heat production, it is evident our observations can give no support to Gigon's theory.

Table 187. - J. C, March 22, 1910. Sitting. (1-Hour Periods). Cream

Amount, 445 grams; nitrogen, 1.74 grams; total energy, 1,377 cals.

Fuel value: Total, 1,362 cals.; from protein, 3 p. ct.; from fat, 91 p. ct.; from carbohydrates, 6 p. ct. Nitrogen in urine, 0.64 gram per hour. Basal values (March 22, 1910): CO2, 25 grams; O2, 22.5 grams; heat,1 83 cals.; respiratory quotient, 0.81. Nitrogen in urine, 0.23 gram per hour.

1Heat eliminated corrected for change in body-weight, but not for change in body-temperature. 2Subject finished drinking cream 11 minutes after beginning of this period.