(1) Some nouns are inflected to show sex: lion, lioness; hero, heroine; baron, baroness; lad, lass; czar, czarina; goose, gander; prince, princess; host, hostess; sultan, sultana; poet, poetess; master, mistress.

(2) Difference of sex is often shown by using entirely different words; thus: boy,girl; king, queen; ram, ewe; son, daughter. (3) Sometimes the same form of a word is used to represent either a male or a female: clerk, teacher, writer.