Pascual De Gayangos, a Spanish orientalist, born June 21, 1809. He studied at Paris under Sylvestre de Sacy, travelled through northern Africa in 1828, married an English lady at Algiers, and was from 1831 to 1836 interpreter to the ministry of foreign affairs in Paris. He afterward resided several years in England. He translated into English Al-Makkari'sHistory of the Mohammedan Dynasties of Spain (2 vols. 4to, London, 1840-'43). Prescott was indebted to Gayangos for materials for his historical works. In 1843 he was appointed professor of Arabic in the university of Madrid. He made with H. Vedia a Spanish translation of Ticknor's "History of Spanish Literature," to which he added copious notes (Madrid, 1851-'6). Among his other publications are critical editions of the Gran conquista de Ultramar, of the Libros de caballeria, and of the Escritores en prosa anteriores al siglo XV. His most recent works are Cartas del cardinal Cisneros (Madrid, 1867), and Cartas y relacio-nes de Hernan Cortes al emperador Carlos V. (Paris, 1870).