Raffaello Fabretti, an Italian antiquary, born in Urbino in 1618, died in Rome in 1700. At the age of 18 he went to Rome, where he made himself profoundly acquainted with the literature and art of the ancients. After filling a diplomatic mission in Spain, he became treasurer of Pope Alexander VII., and under the three succeeding popes held various offices at Rome, Madrid, and Urbino. During his 13 years'residence in Spain he explored nearly all the antiquities of that kingdom. His first archaeological works, De Aqnoeductibus Veteris Romoe and De Columna Trajani, excited a general interest. His interpretation of certain passages of Livy involved him in a violent discussion with Gronovius. In a learned work upon ancient inscriptions he made known the treasures discovered by him in the catacombs of Rome. His rich collection of antiquities is still in the ducal palace of Urbino.