4293. To Prepare Butyric Ether

4293.      To Prepare Butyric Ether. This is the pine-apple oil of commerce; and, largely diluted with rectified spirit, is the pine-apple essence used for flavoring. It is prepared from crude butyric acid saponified with caustic potassa, and the resulting soap distilled along with alcohol and oil of vitriol. It is sparingly soluble in water, very soluble in alcohol; boils at 230°. It is also called butyrate of ethyl.

4294. Benzoic Ether

4294.    Benzoic Ether. A colorless oily liquid, slightly heavier than water, aromatic in taste and odor. It boils at 410° Fahr. It is prepared as follows: Take 4 parts 90 per cent, alcohol, 2 parts crystallized benzoic acid, and 1 part concentrated muriatic acid; distill them together, and, as soon as the product turns milky when mixed with water, change the receiver and collect the subsequent distillate ; add water to it, decant the ether from the surface of the water, and boil it with water and a little oxide of lead (to separate the benzoic acid); lastly, free it from water by allowing it to stand over chloride of calcium. Benzoic ether is also called benzo-ate of ethyl.

4295. Formic Ether

4295.    Formic Ether—also called for-miate of ethyl, is a limpid, aromatic fluid, lighter than water; soluble in 10 parts of that fluid; has a specific gravity of .915, and boils at 130° Fahr. To obtain it, mix in a retort, with a well-cooled receiver, 7 parts dry formiate of soda, 10 parts oil of vitriol, and 6 parts 90 per cent, alcohol. The greater

}>art will distill over by the heat spontaneous-y developed, after which the heat of a water-bath may be applied. Purify it by agitation, first with milk of lime, and afterwards with chloride of calcium. (Cooley.)

4296. Enanthic Ether

4296.      Enanthic Ether—named also cenanthylate of ethyl, and pelargonic ether (see No. 1471 (Oil of Quince - Pelargonic Ether))—-is colorless, and has a powerful intoxicating vinous odor. Its specific gravity is .862, and boils at 480° Fahr. It is obtained towards the end of the distillation of fermented liquors, especially wines, and purified by agitation with a weak solution of carbonate of potassa. (Cooley.) This ether has the odor of quince, and dissolved in a due proportion of alcohol, forms quince essence.

4297. Chloric Ether

4297.    Chloric Ether. This is synonymous with chloroform. Medicinal chloric ether consists of 1 part chloroform in 8 parts rectified spirit.

4298. Ethyl

4298.     Ethyl. This is a colorless, inflammable gas, of a specific gravity a little over 2 (air standard). Under a pressure of 21/4 atmospheres, at 37.5 Fahr., it assumes the form of a colorless ethereal liquid. It forms the basis of ether, which is oxide of ethyl; and of alcohol, which is the hydrated oxide of ethyl; its usefulness lays chiefly in its compounds with acids. The following are the principal ones in use, and will serve as a guide for the preparation of most of the others.