This section is from the book "Facts Worth Knowing", by Robert Kemp Philip. Also available from Amazon: Inquire Within for Anything You Want to Know.
The following precautions should be impressed upon the memories of all our readers:
696. Should a fire break out, send off to the nearest engine or police-station.
697. Fill buckets with water, carry them as near the fire as possible, dip a mop into the water, and throw it in showers on the fire, until assistance arrives.
698 If a fire is violent, wet a blanket, and throw it on the part which is in flames.
699. Should a fire break out in the kitchen-chimney, or any other, a blanket wetted should be nailed to the upper ends of the mantle-piece, so as to cover the opening entirely, the fire will then go out of itself; for this purpose two knobs should be permanently fixed in the upper ends of the mantelpiece on which the blanket may be hitched.
700. Should the bed or window-curtains be on fire, lay hold of any woollen-garment, and beat it on the flames until extinguished.
701. Avoid leaving door or window open in the room where the fire has broken out, as the current of air increases the force of the fire.
702. Should the STAIRCASE BE BURNING so as to cut off all communications, endeavour to escape by means of a trapdoor in the roof, a ladder leading to which should always be at hand.
703. Avoid hurry and confusion; no person except a fire police-man, friend, or neighbour, should be admitted
704. IF a lady's dress takes fire she should endeavour to roll herself in a rug carpet, or the first woollen garment she meets.
705. It is a good PRECAUTION to have always at hand a large piece of baize, to throw over a female whoso dress is burning, or to be wetted and thrown over a fire that has recently broken out.
706. A solution of pearlash in water, thrown upon a fire, extinguishes it instantly. The proportion is a quarter of a pound dissolved in hot water, and then poured into a bucket of common water.
707. It is recommended to householders to have two or three fire-buckets, and a carriage-mop with a long handle near at hand; they will be found essentially useful in case of fire.
708. All householders, but particularly hotel, tavern, and innkeepers, should exercise a wise precaution by directing that the last person up should perambulate the premises previous to going to rest, to ascertain that all fires are safe and lights extinguished.
 
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