Number Of Men In The Union Army, Furnished By Each State And Territory, From April 15, 1861, To Close Of War

The armies of the United States were commanded during the whole Civil War by President Lincoln as commander-in-chief under the constitutional provision; and under him, as general commanders, by Brevet Lieutenant General Winfield Scott until November 6, 1861; by Major General George B. McClellan from November 6, 1861, to March 11, 1862; by Major General Henry W. Halleck from July 11, 1862, to March 12, 1864 (there being no general commander between March 11 and July 11, 1862); and Lieutenant General and General U. S. Grant from March 12, 1864, to March 4, 1869. The first of the principal armies into which the force of the United States was divided was the Army of the Potomac. This army was called into existence in July, 1861, and was organized by Major General George B. McClellan, its first commander; November 5,

1862, Major General A. E. Burnside took command of it; January 25,

1863, Major General Joe Hooker was placed in command, and June 27, 1863, Major General George G. Meade succeeded him. The Army of the Ohio was organized by General D. C. Buell, under a general order from the War Department dated November 9, 1861, from troops in the military department of the Ohio. General Buell remained in command until October 30, 1862, when he was succeeded by General W. S. Rosecrans. At this time the Army of the Ohio became the Army of the Cumberland and a new department of the Ohio was formed and Major General H. G.Wright, assigned to the command thereof. He was succeeded by Major General Burnside, who was relieved by Major General J. G. Foster of the command of both department and army. Major General Schofield took command January 28, 1864, and January 17, 1865, the department was merged into the Department of the Cumberland. It continued under the com- mand of General Rosecrans until October, 1863, when General George H. Thomas took command of it. The Army of the Tennessee was originally the Army of the District of Western Tennessee, fighting as such at Shiloh. It became the Army of the Tennessee on the concentration of troops at Pittsburgh Landing under General Halleck, and when the Department of the Tennessee was formed, October 16, 1862, the troops serving therein were placed under command of Major General U. S. Grant. October 27, 1863, Major General William T. Sherman was appointed to the command of this army; March 12, 1864, Major General J. B. McPher-son succeeded him; July 30, 1864, McPherson having been killed, Major General O. O. Howard was placed in command, and May 19, 1862, Major General John A. Logan succeeded him.

Other minor armies were the Army of Virginia, which was formed by the consolidation of the forces under Major Generals Fremont, Banks and McDowell, by order of the War Department, August 12, 1862. Major General John Pope was placed in command, but after the disastrous defeat of this general at Manassas the army as such was discontinued and its troops transferred to other organizations. The Army of the James was formed of the Tenth and Fourteenth corps with cavalry, and was placed under the command of Major General Butler. Its operations were carried on in conjunction with the Army of the Potomac. Other temporary arrangements of the troops formed the Army of the Mississippi in the Mississippi River operations in 1862; the Army of the Gulf in Louisiana in May, 1863; the Army of West Virginia, in the valley of the Shenandoah, in May, 1864; and the army of the Middle Military Division in Virginia in the fall of 1864.