The frequent recurrence of words beginning with the same letters is called, alliteration. A good example of its use is to be found in that famous couplet of Churchill's:

Who often, but without success, had prayed For apt alliteration's artful aid.

The Siege of Belgrade, claimed for Alaric A. Watts, is probably the best-known alliterative poem in the English language:

An Austrian array, awfully arrayed,

Boldly by battery, besieged Belgrade.

Cossack commanders, cannonading come,

Dealing destruction's devastating doom;

Every endeavor, engineers essay For fame, for fortune, forming furious fray.

Gaunt gunners grapple, giving gashes good Heaves high his head heroic hardihood.

Ibraham, Islam, Ismael, imps in ill,

Jostle John Jarovlitz, Jem, Joe, Jack, Jill:

Kick kindling Kutusoff, king's kinsman kill;

Labor low levels loftiest longest lines;

Men march 'mid moles, 'mid mounds, 'mid murderous mines.

Now nightfall's nigh, now needful nature nods.

Opposed, opposing, overcoming odds.

Poor peasants, partly purchased, partly pressed,

Quite quaking, "Quarter! Quarter! " quickly quest.

Reason returns, recalls redundant rage,

Saves sinking soldiers, softens signiors sage.

Truce, Turkey, truce! truce, treacherous Tartar train!

Unwise, unjust, unmerciful Ukraine!

Vanish, vile vengeance! vanish, victory vain!

Wisdom wails war - wails warring words. What were Xerxes, Xantippe, Ximenes, Xavier?

Yet yassy's youth, ye yield your youthful yest.

Zealously, zanies, zealously zeal's zest.

Tusser has a poem on "Thriftiness," twelve lines in length, and in rhyme, every word of which begins with t (died 1580). Leon Placentius, a dominican, wrote a poem in Latin hexameters, called Pugna Porcorum, 253 stanzas long, every word of which begins with p (died 1548).

Here's another antique specimen:

The thrifty that teacheth the thriving to thrive,

Teach timely to traverse, the thing that thou 'trive,

Transferring thy toiling, to timeliness taught,

This teacheth thee temp'rance, to temper thy thought.

Take Trusty (to trust to) that thinkest to thee.

That trustily thriftiness, trowleth to thee.

Then temper thy travell, to tarry the tide;

This teacheth thee thriftiness, twenty times tryed.

Take thankful thy talent, thank thankfully those That thriftily teacheth [? teach thee] thy time to transpose.

Troth twice to be teached, teach twenty times ten,

This trade that thou takest, take thrift to thee then.