ZANESVILLE

2129

ZEBRA

Railway has a length of 57 miles in the colony, and is continued for 290 miles to Pretoria. Beira Railway has a length of 204 miles in the colony, and is continued from the British frontier to Bulawayo. See Central Africa Protectorate, Nyasa-land, Portuguese East Africa and Rhodesia. The military force of the colony is 4,888 men, three fourths of whom are natives.

Zambezia. See Portuguese East Africa and Rhodesia.

Zanes'ville, 0., county-seat of Muskingum County, on both sides of Muskingum River, at the mouth of Licking River, 55 miles east of Columbus, is in a beautiful and fertile valley, and is crowded with manufactures and other business enterprises. Having fine railroad and river facilities, it is a prosperous and busy city. It has rolling-mills, blast-furnaces, brass and iron foundries, glass and soap factories, flour, woolen and paper mills, railroad and other machine shops, tile-works and extensive potteries making fine ware. It also has tanneries, breweries, bent-wood works and brick-yards, and manufactures agricultural implements. The Y bridge spanning the Muskingum and Licking Rivers is the only structure of its kind in the United States. Among the prominent buildings are the Masonic Temple, the People's Savings Bank, Soldiers' and Sailors' Monumental Building, the two opera-houses and Zanesville High School. The city has an admirable system of public and parochial schools, a business college, an academy (R. C), many churches and Mclntire Home for Children. Zanesville was settled in 1799, and was the state capital from 1810 to 1812. Population 28,026.

Zang'wiil, Israel, British novelist and littérateur, of Jewish origin, was born in London in 1864 and educated at the Jews' Free School, Spitalfields. He has travelled much, chiefly on lecturing tours, visiting not only the chief places in Europe and in Palestine but the United States. His writings, besides his Jewish stories, as Children of the Ghetto and Ghetto Tragedies include several plays, the chief ones being Merely Mary Ann and Nurse Marjorie, both of which have appeared on the American stage. After teaching, Zangwill for a time was a journalist, founding ^4riel or The London Puck in 1889. Then he took to writing novels and to miscellaneous literary composition. His more notable works include The Bachelor's Club, The Big Bow Mystery; The Old Maid's Club, a satire; The King of the Schnorrers; The Master; Dreamers of the Ghetto; They that Walk in Darkness; and The Mantle of Elijah, the latter being also dramatized. He has, moreover, published essays entitled Without Prejudice, some verse; humorous poli-

tical effusions under the title of The Premier and the Painter; and gossipy criticisms entitled Men, Women and Books, the latter appearing in The Cosmopolitan of New York City. He is interested in the colonizing of Jews in British East Africa and is connected with the Zionist movement.

Zanzibar (zän'zď-bār') or Zanguebar, an Arab sultanate under British control, comprises the islands of Lamu, Mafia, Pemba and Zanzibar on the eastern coast of Africa opposite the German sphere. The sultan is titular sovereign of the coast of British East Africa for ten miles inland, but it is administered by the British. The island of Zanzibar, about 50 miles in length and from 15 to 30 in breadth, is the most important of the sultan's dominions. It contains an area of 640 square miles, and the soil in most parts is exceedingly fertile. The principal products are cocoanuts, cloves, rice, sugar-cane and fruits. Pemba produces four fifths of all the cloves in the world. The population of the island is estimated at 250,000 and that of Pemba at 50,000, among them many foreigners, for the most part engaged in trade. The town of Zanzibar has 100,000 inhabitants. The soil along the coast is fertile in rice, millet, peas, beans, melons, pumpkins, sugar-cane, cocoanuts and bananas, and the forests supply many valuable species of timber. Cattle, sheep and fowls are plentiful, and wild animals abound. The heat on the coast is excessive, and the climate is unfavorable to Europeans and Americans. The protectorate has had a regular government since October, 1901, with a responsible ministry. Its revenues are derived chiefly from customs-duties and taxes on produce. The chief imports are cottons, rice, groceries and petroleum; the chief exports, cloves, cottons, copra, ivory and grain. Zanzibar is in direct communication with Great Britain by cable. Mohammedanism is the prevailing religion, and European immigration is restricted, but Zanzibar is a center for trade, missions and exploration. The Arabs of Muscat acquired the East African coast between 1698 and 1807, partly by conquest from the Portuguese, partly from the Africans, but Zanguebar became independent in 1856. Between 1886 and 1890 the Germans and British divided the continental dominions between them, Germany paying the sultan $1,000,000 for his rights.

Ze'bra, a striped animal of Africa related to the wild ass. The true or mountain zebra inhabits mountainous regions in Cape Colony. Owing to the persecution of hunters, it is scarce now and is fast being exterminated. It is about four feet high at the shoulders. Its general color is white, with black stripes on the body, limbs and tail. Those on the limbs extend to the hoofs and those on the tail to the tuft of hair. Bur-chell's zebra is a larger and more robust