After the juice has been gathered in this way, the native builds a fire; over it he places a cover shaped like a large bottle with the bottom knocked out of it. This fire is built of oily nuts found in the forest, and the thick smoke arises through what would be the neck of the bottle.

With a stick shaped something like the wooden shovels used at the seashore, he dipped into the milky juice in the bowl, then turned this stick or paddle around very rapidly in the smoke until the juice baked on the paddle. He then added more juice and went through the same operation again and again until there were between five and six pounds of rubber baked on this paddle. He then cuts this off with a

A Plantation in Borneo.

Courtesy of the B. F. Goodrich Co.

Smoking Rubber on the Lower Amazon.

Courtesy of the United States Rubber Co.

Smoking Rubber - Upper Amazon.

Courtesy of the United States Rubber Co.

wet knife which made it cut more rapidly. That formed what is called a rubber "biscuit," and he then started over again for his next five or six pounds. Later, as the demand for these "biscuits " increased, instead of the native using the paddle, he erected two short fence-like affairs about six feet apart, but parallel with each other, and in between was the smoky fire. Then he obtained a long pole, stretched it across these two rails and poured a small quantity of this juice on this pole, over where the smoke came in contact with it, and rolled the pole around until this juice was baked, adding more, until, instead of a small five- or six-pound "biscuit," he would get an immense ball. In order to get this off his pole, he would jog one end of the pole on the ground until the "biscuit" would slide off. This is the way crude rubber first came into our market and the way it comes today.