What has been said in a previous section (above, § 20) as to express and implied restrictions on the powers of the several departments of the federal and state governments, is especially applicable to the powers of Congress. It cannot exercise any power not given to it by express grant or reasonably implied from the powers which are granted. Furthermore, there are express limitations on its power such as those enumerated in Article I, § 9, of the constitution which, although not directly stated to be limitations on congressional power, are evidently intended to apply especially to Congress, as they are included in the article of the constitution relating to the legislative department. But these limitations are all discussed in connection with the various subjects to which they relate and need not now be further considered.