To make out the offense it must appear that the persons had a common purpose to do the act alleged.133 And that they acted in concert to accomplish the common purpose.134

The mere presence of one alone is not sufficient; it must appear that he in some manner aided and abetted or advised and encouraged the commission of the offense to warrant a conviction.135

The gist of the offense is the violence and turbulence of the rioters; whether their purpose be lawful or unlawful is not material.