Art. XXXII. An individual who is authorized by one belligerent to enter into communication with the other, and who presents himself with a white flag, is regarded as the bearer of a flag of truce. He has the quality of inviolability, as do the trumpeter, bugler, or drummer, and the flag-bearer and interpreter who accompany him.

Art. XXXIII. The commander to whom a flag of truce is sent is not obliged to receive it under all circumstances. He may take all necessary measures to prevent the bearer of the flag from profiting by his mission to obtain information. He has the right, in case of abuse, to detain the bearer of the flag temporarily.

Art. XXXIV. The bearer of a flag of truce forfeits his quality of inviolability if it is proved, in a positive and unexceptionable manner, that he has profited by his privileged position to provoke or to commit an act of treachery.