Section 57. It may be stated as a general rule that a municipal corporation cannot exercise its corporate powers beyond the city limits; in other words, it cannot give is ordinances an extra territorial effect, except so far as it may be clearly authorized so to do by the legislature.

However, the legislature may, and often does grant to municipal corporations the right to exercise certain powers beyond their corporate limits.

In the case of Chicago Packing, etc. vs. City of Chicago, 88 III., 221, the court said: "There can be no doubt that the General Assembly may, for police purposes, prescribe the limits of municipal bodies. It may enlarge or contract them at pleasure, and may define the limits within which their general powers may be exercised, and extend or limit the boundaries in which special powers may be performed." The court said further in justifying the power granted to municipal bodies to pass ordinances to prevent nuisances, to operate beyond their boundaries: "Whilst it is extremely difficult, in large and crowded cities, with their various commercial, manufacturing and other pursuits clashing each with the other, to so adjust the laws as to alike protect every right and interest, all must, to some extent, have his rights restricted for the benefit of all its people.

"What in an open or thinly settled country would be innoxious as a business, would in the heart of a city be a terrible nuisance, producing death, destroying property, and highly injurious to health and destructive to comfort. Persons, then, desiring to engage in particular avocations in or near to cities, must submit to have their pursuits limited and controlled, at least as far as the preservation of health, and to a reasonable extent the comfort, of the people may require, nor can the inhabitants of a city expect to be free from the tainted atmosphere produced by a thousand causes that do not exist in the country or in places less densely populated.

3 Powers vs. Comms. of Wood Co., 8 Ohio St., 286.

"Whilst trade, manufactures and commerce have large claims on the law for protection, theirs are not the only, nor are they the highest, claims. The lives, the health and the comfort of the people are the highest, and demand the first and greatest protection."