[Presentment, when necessary.] § 70. Presentment for payment is not necessary in order to charge the person primarily liable on the instrument except in case of bank notes; but if the instrument is, by its terms, payable at a special place and he is able and willing to pay it there at maturity, such ability and willingness are equivalent to a tender of payment upon his part. But except as herein otherwise provided, presentment for payment is necessary in order to charge the drawer and indorsers.

[Time of.] § 71. Where the instrument is not payable on demand, presentment must be made on the day it falls due. Where it is payable on demand, presentment must be made within a reasonable time after its issue, except that in case of a bill of exchange, presentment for payment will be sufficient if made within a reasonable time after the last negotiation thereof.

[Elements of sufficiency.] § 72. Presentment for payment, to be sufficient, must be made:

1. By the holder, or by some person authorized to receive payment on his behalf.

2. At a reasonable hour on a business day.

3. At a proper place as herein defined.

4. To the person primarily liable on the instrument, or if he is absent or inaccessible, to any person found at the place where the presentment is made.

[Requirements as to place.] § 73. Presentment for payment is made at the proper place:

1. Where a place of payment is specified in the instrument and it is there presented.

2. Where no place of payment is specified and the address of the person to make the payment is given in the instrument and it is there presented.

3. Where no place of payment is specified and no address is given and the instrument is presented at the usual place of business or residence of the person to make payment.

4. In any other case, if presented to the person to make payment wherever he can be found, or if presented at his last known place of business or residence.

[Exhibition of instrument and delivery to party paying.] § 74. The instrument must be exhibited to the person from whom payment is demanded, and when it is paid must be delivered up to the party paying it.

[Instrument payable at bank must be presented during banking hours - exception.] § 75. Where the instrument is payable at a bank, presentment for payment must be made during banking hours, unless the person to make payment has no funds there to meet it at any time during the day, in which case presentment at any hour before the bank is closed on that day is sufficient.

[To Personal Representative Of Deceased Maker or indorser.] § 76. Where the person primarily liable on the instrument is dead, and no place of payment is specified, presentment for payment must be made to his personal representative if such there be, and if with exercise of reasonable diligence, he can be found.

[Presentment for payment to any one of several partners.] § 77. Where the persons primarily liable on the instrument are liable as partners, and no place of payment is specified, presentment for payment may be made to any one of them, even though there has been a dissolution of the firm.

[Must be made to all persons primarily liable who are not partners.] § 78. Where there are several persons, not partners, primarily liable on the instrument, and no place of payment is specified, presentment must be made to them all.

[To Drawee For Payment Not Required To Charge Drawer Where It Would Be Unavailing.]

§ 79. Presentment for payment is not required in order to charge the drawer where he has no right to expect or require that the drawee or acceptor will pay the instrument.

[Not required to charge indorser upon paper made for his accommodation.] § 80. Presentment for payment is not required to charge an indorser where the instrument was made or accepted for his accommodation.

[Delay in making, when excused.] § 81. Delay in making presentment for payment is excused when the delay is caused by circumstances beyond the control of the holder, and not imputable to his default, misconduct or negligence. When the cause of delay ceases to operate, presentment must be made with reasonable diligence.

[When dispensed with.] § 82. Presentment for payment is dispensed with:

1. When after the exercise of reasonable diligence presentment as required by this act cannot be made.

2. Where the drawee is a fictitious person.

3. By waiver of presentment, express or implied.

[Instrument dishonored by non-payment when.] § 83. The instrument is dishonored by non-payment when:

1. It is duly presented for payment and payment is refused or cannot be obtained; or

2. Presentment is excused and the instrument is overdue and unpaid.

[Immediate right of recourse against all parties secondarily liable accrues to Holder Upon Dishonor By Non-Payment.] § 84. Subject to the provisions of this act, when the instrument is dishonored by non-payment, an immediate right of recourse to all parties secondarily liable thereon accrues to the holder.

[Time of payment - no grace - Sundays and holidays.] § 85. Every negotiable instrument is payable at the time fixed therein without grace. When the day of maturity falls upon Sunday, or a holiday, the instrument is payable upon the next succeeding business day. Instruments falling due on Saturday are to be presented for payment on the next succeeding business day, except that instruments payable on demand may, at the option of the holder, be presented for payment before 12:00 o'clock noon on Saturday, when that entire day is not a holiday.

[Computation of time.] § 86. Where the instrument is payable at a fixed period after date, after sight, or after the happening of a specified event, the time of payment is determined by excluding the day from which the time is to begin to run, and by including the date of payment.

§ 87. Where the instrument is made payable at a bank, it is equivalent to an order to the bank to pay the same for the account of the principal debtor thereon.

[What is payment made in due course.] § 88. Payment is made in due course when it is made at or after maturity of the instrument to the holder thereof in good faith and without notice that his title is defective.