Rupture of some of the fibres of the tendon or ligament, causing heat, pain, swelling, and great lameness. Accuracy in locating the lameness is essential.

Common causes of sprains are:

(1) Want of condition-muscle not braced to take the shock of landing over a jump.

(2) Galloping suddenly from soft on to hard going (misapplication of the muscular bracing of the fore-limbs).

(3) Uneven landing-twisting the ligaments.

(4) Faulty preparation of the foot-wall lowered more on one side than another; toes too long, heels too low, putting an extra strain on the tendons.

(5) Fatigue.

Treatment Of Sprains

Hot water treatment to draw out pain and inflammation:

If taken early-pressure bandage, hand rubbing, cold applications. Avoid powerful lini ments and blisters until all inflammation has subsided. (See Use of Clay.)