Fraudulent representations as to incumbrances1 are not merged in a subsequent deed, containing no covenants of warranty. Fraudulent representations as to title are not merged in a subsequent executory contract of sale under seal, which provides for a warranty deed.2 Fraudulent representations as to the solvency of the makers of a note by the payee who thereby induces another to accept such note in payment for realty, are not merged in an indorsement by him without recourse.3

1 McKinley v. Williams, 74 Fed. 94; 20 C. C. A. 312; West Coast Lumber Co. v. Apfield, 86 Cal. 335; 24 Pac. 993; Polhill v. Brown, 84 Ga. 338; 10 S. E. 921; Covel v. Benjamin, 35 111. App. 297; Shirk v. Mitchell, 137 Ind. 185; 36 N. E. 850; Stewart v. Babbs, 120 Ind. 568; 22 N. E. 770; Indianapolis Terra-Cotta Co. v. Murphy, 99 la. 633; 68 N. W. 898; Cable v. Foley, 45 Minn. 421; 47 N. W. 1135; Odo-neal v. Henry, 70 Miss. 172; 12 So. 154; Boyd v. Paul, 125 Mo. 9; 28 S. W. 171; Plumb v. Cooper, 121 Mo. 668; 26 S. W. 678; Tracy v. Iron Works, 29 Mo. App. 342;

Clarke v. Kelsey, 41 Neb. 766; 60 N. W. 138; Societa Italiana v. Sul-zer, 138 N. Y. 468; 34 N. E. 193; Smith v. Lennon, 131 N. Y. 560; 29 N. E. 820; Hartsfield v. Chamblin, 44 S. C. 110; 21 S. E. 798; Jones v. Gilchrist, 88 Tex. 88; 30 S. W. 442; Pegues v. Haden, 76 Tex. 94; 13 S. W. 171.

2 See Ch. LVI.

1 Skinner v. Christie, 52 N. J. Eq. 720; 29 Atl. 772.

2 Daly v. Bernstein, 6 N. M. 380; 28 Pac. 764.

3 Gates v. Moldstad, 14 Wash, 119; 44 Pac. 881.