This section is from the book "The Engineer's And Mechanic's Encyclopaedia", by Luke Hebert. Also available from Amazon: Engineer's And Mechanic's Encyclopaedia.
Heavy substances placed in the lowest part of the hold of a ship, to preserve the vessel in an upright position, when under sail. It consists generally either of masses of cast-iron 3 feet long and 6 inches square or of small round stones, which is called shingle ballast.
 
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