This section is from the book "Wrinkles And Recipes, Compiled From The Scientific American", by Park Benjamin. Also available from Amazon: Wrinkles and Recipes, Compiled From The Scientific American.
This is an excellent device for fencing purposes over small streams. A gate, sliding in upright ways at the ends, like an old turnpike gate, has attached to the bottom board (a scantling is better, as not so likely to be broken in high water) crutches which rest upon empty barrels or casks. The uprights at the ends of the gate are provided with friction-rollers, so that the gate slides up and down easily in the ways. Two or three casks will generally support the weight of the gate, so that it descends nearly to the surface of, but does not enter, the water. A gate thus constructed will rise and fall with the stream, and is not liable to be washed away at high water.
 
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