What Are General Expenses?

In railroad reports items which include salaries of general officers, clerks, law expenses, insurance, etc.; they are usually the least important of the railroad operating charges.

What Is Meant By Give Up?

When the messenger of a "$2" or "special" broker, or a curb broker makes a comparison, he gives up the name of the principal who will receive or deliver the stock compared. This is a guarantee of good faith.

What Are Gold Certificates?

Gold certificates are not legal tender, but are received for all public dues. They are issued by the Treasury in notes of $20 and upward against gold coin deposits. Silver certificates are issued against silver coin deposits.

What Are The Gould Stocks?

Missouri Pacific, Western Union Telegraph and Texas Pacific are the chief properties in which the members of the Gould family are interested.

What Are Government Reports?

A series of reports issued monthly by the Department of Agriculture. They tell the acreage, condition and yield of the various crops.

What Are Granger Railroads?

A name given by Wall Street to western railroad systems. They are called "granger roads," because of a wide agitation years ago by the State Granges. The grange agitation was of national interest and for a long time affected the position and earnings of the Burlington, St. Paul, Northwestern, Rock Island, and Chicago & Alton, etc. From this they came to be known as "granger roads."

What Are Guaranteed Stocks?

Stocks of roads leased to other roads frequently have their dividends guaranteed by the lessee.

What Is Gunning A Stock?

To use every artifice to produce a "break" when it is known that a certain house is heavily supplied with certain stock or stocks and would be unable to resist an attack; any effort made to force longs to sell or shorts to buy.

What Is The Meaning Of A Hard Spot?

A strong stock or stocks featured in the market, holding up unusually well, despite a weak or heavy-market in respect to the remainder of the list.

What Is A Hectolitre?

One hectolitre equals 2.83 bushels, or the unit of grain measurement in France.

What Is Hedging?

To lessen one's line of stock in order to minimize a loss is termed hedging.

What Is Meant By A Holding Company?

It means the same as a security company. For instance, a corporation which owns the securities of other companies or corporations, depending for its income on the interest and dividends from such. The most noted of holding companies in railroad circles was the Northern Securities Co., dissolved as being illegal by the United States Courts. It planned to hold the stocks of Great Northern and Northern Pacific Railroad Companies, and probably other companies. A holding company is sometimes an operating company. The Pennsylvania Railroad, the New York Central Railroad, the New Haven, Union Pacific, Baltimore & Ohio, Illinois Central, etc., are both holding and operating companies.

What Is Honeycombed With Stop Orders?

A market which contains many stop loss orders placed by marginal traders, a dangerous position for those who have placed them.

What Does Holding The Market Mean?

Moderate purchases that are skilfully distributed for the purpose of keeping a market from declining.

What Is Meant By Hypothecation?

The pledging of securities or other possessions as collateral for loans. When securities are pledged for a loan the title to them for the time being is held by the bank, or lender making the loan. The London Stock Exchange stock classes securities pledged as collateral as "pawned."