4. Tithymalus Missouriénsis (Norton) Small. Reticulate-Seeded Spurge

Fig. 2756

E. arkansana missouriensis Norton, Rep. Mo. Bot.

Gard. 11: 103. 1900. T. missouriensis Small, Fl. SE. U. S. 721. 1903.

Annual, olive green, glabrous. Stem erect, rather slender, 4'-15' high, topped by a compound 3-rayed umbel; branches forked; leaves, except those subtending the umbel, scattered, spatulate or oblong, 5" - 1 1/2' long; obtuse, serrate to below the middle, sessile, the upper slightly auricled at the base; bracts roundish or ovate, inequilateral, small, serrate, cordate; involucres solitary in the axils, less than 1" long, with 4 oblong naked nearly sessile glands; capsule depressed-globose, 1 1/2" in diameter, with elongated warts; seeds ovoid, lenticular, reddish brown, finely but distinctly reticulated.

Minnesota and Iowa to Montana, Washington, Alabama and New Mexico. Included in our first edition in Euphorbia dictyosperma F. & M., a far western species. May-Aug.

5. Tithymalus Arkansànus (Engelm. & Gray) Kl. &Garcke. Arkansas Spurge

Fig. 2757

Euphorbia dictyosperma Engelm. in Torr. Bot. Mex.

Bound. Surv. 191. 1859. Not F. & M. 1835. Euphorbia arkansana Engelm. & Gray, Bost. Journ. Nat.

Hist. 5: 53. 1845. Tithymalus arkansanus Kl. & Garcke, Abh. Akad. Berlin 1859: 66.

Annual, olive green. Stem slender, 8'-2o' tall, with few spreading branches above, topped by umbels with 3 copiously dichotomous rays 3/4'-1 1/4' long; stem-leaves cuneate or spatulate, 1/2'-1 1/4' long, rather acute, serrulate above the middle; bracts ovate to triangular-ovate, 1/4'-3/4' long, truncate or subcordate at the base, mucronate at the apex; involucres about i" high, with transversely elliptic glands less than 1/2" wide, the lobes usually ciliate; capsules 1 1/4"-1 1/2" wide, warty; seeds ovoid, closely reticulated, brown.

Dry soil, Missouri to Colorado, Louisiana and Mexico. May-Aug.

6. Tithymalus Helioscopia (L.) Hill. Sun Or Wart Spurge. Wartweed

Fig. 2758

Euphorbia Helioscopia L. Sp. Pl. 459 1753. Tithymalus Helioscopia Hill, Hort. Kew. 172/3. 1768.

Annual, glabrous or nearly so. Stem stout, erect or assurgent, 8-12' tall, often branched from the base, topped like the branches by a more or less compound 3-5-rayed umbel; leaves, except the whorl at the base of the umbel, scattered, spatulate, obovate, oblong, or sometimes nearly orbicular, 1/2'-4 1/2' long, obtuse or retuse, serrulate, narrowed to a short petiole; bracts oblong or ovate, serrulate, inequilateral, sessile; involucres oblong-campanulate, 1 1/4" long, nearly sessile, usually with 4 oblong stalked unappendaged glands; capsule globose-ovoid, or somewhat depressed, 2' in diameter, smooth, the lobes rounded; seeds ovoid, nearly 1 1/2" long, reddish brown, strongly reticulate.

In waste places, Newfoundland to Quebec, Ontario, New York and Ohio. Also in Oregon. Naturalized from Europe. Sun-weed. Turnsole. Little-good. Cat's-milk. Wolf's-milk. Churnstaff. Wart-grass. Mouse-milk. Wartwort. Mad-woman's-milk. Devil's-milk. Seven sisters. June-Oct.