There is scarcely a garden existing that would not be benefited by under-draining. Every gardener knows the absolute necessity for a good drainage under his wall-trees and vines, but few gardeners ever think for a moment, whether there is any escape and out-fall for the water he has drained from immediate contact with the roots of the above-named favoured trees. Every garden should' have drains cut, varying in depth from two to three feet, according to the depth of the soil, with an interval of twenty-four feet between the drains; twelve feet will not be too near in clayey soils. At the bottom of the drains should be placed one-inch pipes; these should be well puddled over, six inches deep with clay, and then the earth returned. They should have an outfall into a ditch, at the least elevated side of the garden. By having the pipes with a bore no larger than an inch, moles cannot creep in, and that bore is large enough to carry off all the water, after even the heaviest rains. Draining farm-lands has been performed to a great extent in England, and with most advantageous results: at Lord Hatherton's residence, Teddesley Hay, in Staffordshire, four hundred and sixty-seven acres, formerly letting for an average rental of 12s. per acre, were all drained for an outlay of 3l. 4s. 7d. per acre, and their rental now averages more than 31s. per acre.

To plants in pots, good drainage is not less essential than to those in our borders.