This section is from the book "A Dictionary Of Modern Gardening", by George William Johnson, David Landreth. Also available from Amazon: The Winter Harvest Handbook: Year Round Vegetable Production Using Deep Organic Techniques and Unheated Greenhouses.
Gravel Walks, like all other Walks, (vide,) require a good substratum of drainage, and the facing of about five inches deep of gravel. It must have no stones mixed with it larger than goodsized marbles, and about one-fourth of it must be much smaller. If a portion of clay is by nature or art incorporated with the gravel, it will bind more firmly, and present when rolled a more compact and even surface.
The following is an excellent plan to make or turn gravel walks in dry weather. If of a sandy or gravelly nature strew a little clay or marl upon the walks. When turned over take away all large stones, and place them at the bottom of the mass. Immediately after you have levelled the walk apply the roller, and let an assistant follow, pouring upon it water from a watering pot with coarse rose; in twenty-four hours after, if the weather is dry, it will be as solid as a stone floor. The writer has had ocular demonstration of the fact in twenty instances in the driest weather. - Gard. Chron.
The best method of extirpating grass which springs up from beneath a gravel walk and spreads over its surface, is to break up the walk, and pick out carefully all the under-ground runners which may be met with. Where it is not desirable to disturb the walk, the best way is to spread salt in considerable quantities over its whole surface; and if after the first application it is found that portions of the grass still exist, let another coating of salt be applied, which will effectually destroy it. Care must be taken, however, if the walk is edged with box, that the salt does not come in contact with it, otherwise it will destroy the edging also.
"In the early part of April, gravel walks are usually turned; and practice has taught that there is a right as well as a wrong way, even for the performance of this simple operation. After the walk has been broken up and levelled, and a facing of new gravel spread over, this ought to be left for three or four days, and until a shower of rain has fallen, before the roller is used. This bleaches the gravel, and washes down the fine particles, so that, immediately after rolling, the walk is solid, and has a clean bright surface." - Gard. Chron.
Dr. Lindley has proposed a substitute for gravel in the construction of walks, which will get rid of most of the annoyances attendant upon gravel; for, formed of this material, they will never be troubled by worms or weeds, and will never require rolling. They may be made of the same arched form; and if, at the time of making, the surface be sprinkled with fine bright coloured gravel, they will be as handsome as if formed entirely of that material.
The composition recommended must be made and laid down in perfectly dry weather.
"Procure a quantity of road-sand, or similar powdery material - finely sifted lime-rubbish will do - and let it be thoroughly dried, so that it feels like dust when handled: also sift out of the cinders from the dwelling-house, etc, the finer parts, and let these be also made perfectly dry; mix these carefully, two parts road-sand to one of ashes. In a dry place, on a dry day, spread a quantity of the mixture, as a bricklayer spreads his lime, with a hollow in the middle. Into this hollow pour some coal-tar, boiling hot. Incorporate the whole with a shovel, as if making mortar, and when a thick paste, spread it three or four inches thick over the ground, laid out for the walk or floor. The ground should previously be beaten down as firm and as level as possible. Powder it all over with dry and rather coarse sand, after which a few passages of the roller willpress it level. Leave it for a few days to harden, after which the walk is fit for use, and will last for very many years." - Gard. Chron.
 
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