Tulip Tree

Liriodendron.

Tupa

Six species. Half-hardy herbaceous perennials. Division and seed. Light, rich, or peaty soil.

Turn Era

Eleven species. Stove annuals, biennials, and evergreen shrubs. T.trionifiora is an herbaceous perennial; and T. racemosa a hardy annual. Seeds, and the shrubby kinds by cuttings. Rich soil.

Turnip-Fly

See Black Fly.

Turnsole

Heliotr opium.

Turpentine

Silphium terebintha-ceurn.

Turpentine Moth

See Tor-trix resinella.

Turpentine Tree

Pistacia te-rebinthus.

Turraea

Five species. Stove evergreen trees. Cuttings. Loam, peat, and sand.

Tussilago

Twelve species.

Hardy or half-hardy herbaceous perennials. Division. Common soil.

Twayblade

Listera.

Tweedia

Two species. Hardy deciduous twiners. Cuttings or seeds. Sandy loam and peat.

Tylophora

Three species. Stove evergreen twiners. Cuttings. Peat and loam.

Typographer Bark Beetle

See Bostrichus.

Tytonia

Tytonia natans. Stove aquatic annual. Seeds. Rich loamy soil, in water.

Ulcer

See Canker.

Ulex

Furze. Four species. Hardy evergreen shrubs. U. Europoea is increased by young cuttings, and all by seeds. Common light soil.

Ulmus

Elm. Thirteen species and many varieties. Hardy deciduous trees. Layers or grafts. Common soil. U. integrifolia is a stove evergreen tree. The Wych elm (U. montana) is also propagated by seed ripened here.

Umbilicus

Four species. Hardy and half-hardy herbaceous perennials. Offsets, cuttings, and seeds. Loam, peat, and sand.

Umbrella Tree

Hibiscus gui-neensis.

Umbrella Wort

Oxybaphus.

Uaria

Two species. Stove evergreen climbers. Cuttings. Peat and loam.

Under-Ground Onion

See Po-tato Onion.

Unona

Ten species. Stove evergreen shrubs, trees, and climbers. Ripe cuttings. Light turfy loam.

Urania

Urania speciosa. Stove herbaceous perennial. Newly imported seeds. Turfy loam and peat. It requires to be well watered.

Uraria

Six species. Stove and green-house evergreen shrubs, except U. lagocephala, a stove herbaceous perennial. Seeds or young cuttings. Loam, peat, and sand.

Uredo

See Burberry and Mildew.

Urine

See Dung. The urine of all animals is excellent as a manure; but it must be given only to plants whilst growing, and in a diluted state. One of the most fertilizing of liquid manures is composed of cabbage-leaves, and other vegetable refuse, putrefied in the urine from a house or stable, and diluted with throe times its quantity of water when applied. If mixed with bleaching powder (chloride of lime), there will be no offensive smell. Gyp-sum mixed with urine, or a little oil of vitriol poured into it, adds to its utility as a manure. Sulphate of iron, in the proportion of seven pounds to every hundred of urine, prevents the escape of ammonia during putrefaction.

Uropetalon

Six species. Half-hardy and green-house bulbous perennials. Offsets and seeds. Loam and leaf-mould.

Utricularia

Hooded Milfoil. Three species. Hardy aquatic perennials. Division. Water.

Uvaria

Six species. Stove evergreen shrubs; U. zeylanica, a twiner. Ripe cuttings. Sandy loam and peat.