Part 138. The bellflower family (Campanulaceae). Examples: Indian tobacco (Figs. 188 I, II) and bellflower (Fig. 299 II).

The formulas of Campanula, Lobelia, and Campanulaceae are given on pages 418-421.

Fig. 299, II. Creeping Bellflower (Campanula rapunculoides, Bellflower Family, Campanulaceoe). A, flowering branch. B, flower, cut vertically, enlarged. C, floral diagram. D, fruit opening by little doors at base, enlarged. E, seed, entire, and cut vertically, enlarged. (Le Maout and Decaisne.) A perennial herb 30 90 cm. tall; flowers blue; fruit dry. Native home, Eurasia; run wild from gardens.

Fig. 299, II.-Creeping Bellflower (Campanula rapunculoides, Bellflower Family, Campanulaceoe). A, flowering branch. B, flower, cut vertically, enlarged. C, floral diagram. D, fruit opening by little doors at base, enlarged. E, seed, entire, and cut vertically, enlarged. (Le-Maout and Decaisne.)-A perennial herb 30-90 cm. tall; flowers blue; fruit dry. Native home, Eurasia; run wild from gardens.

The corolla of Indian tobacco and other species of its genus (Lobelia) affords a case of partial coalescence somewhat different from any of our foregoing examples. The two uppermost petals are entirely free from one another, though coalesced with the side ones, and these with the lowest, so that all five petals are as if united into a tube which is split down the back.

In bellflowers (Campanula) the more or less bell-like corolla from which they take their name shows no irregularity.

Mostly herbs with milky juice; flowers solitary or loosely clustered, perfect, regular or irregular, mostly gamopetalous; stamens five, free or monadelphous and syngenesious; the pollen-sacs straight; ovary inferior with two to five axile placentae; fruit capsular.