Fig. 164, I. Witch hazel. (Hamamelis virginica, Witch hazel Family, Hamamelidaceoe). Flowering branch. (Baillon.) Shrub or tree growing about 8 m. tall; leaves downy on veins beneath; flowers yellow, appearing late in the fall; fruit pale brownish; seeds black, shot forcibly from the pods when ripe. Native home, Eastern North America.

Fig. 164, I.-Witch-hazel. (Hamamelis virginica, Witch-hazel Family, Hamamelidaceoe). Flowering branch. (Baillon.)-Shrub or tree growing about 8 m. tall; leaves downy on veins beneath; flowers yellow, appearing late in the fall; fruit pale brownish; seeds black, shot forcibly from the pods when ripe. Native home, Eastern North America.

Fig. 164, II. Witch hazel. A, flowers and fruit. B, flower cut vertically and with petals removed. C, fruit, unripe, cut vertically to show the seeds. D, ripe fruit.

Fig. 164, II.-Witch-hazel. A, flowers and fruit. B, flower cut vertically and with petals removed. C, fruit, unripe, cut vertically to show the seeds. D, ripe fruit. (Baillon.)

Fig. 165, I. Castor oil Plant (Ricinus communis, Spurge Family, Euphorbiaceoe). Plant in flower and fruit. (Baillon.) A tree like herb, growing over 12 m. tall in the tropics; leaves and stem often reddish; flowers greenish; fruit smooth or prickly, splitting apart violently and so hurling the seeds to a considerable distance. Native home, probably tropical Africa or India.

Fig. 165, I.-Castor-oil Plant (Ricinus communis, Spurge Family, Euphorbiaceoe). Plant in flower and fruit. (Baillon.)-A tree-like herb, growing over 12 m. tall in the tropics; leaves and stem often reddish; flowers greenish; fruit smooth or prickly, splitting apart violently and so hurling the seeds to a considerable distance. Native home, probably tropical Africa or India.

Fig. 165, II. Castor oil Plant. A, staminate flower, just opening. B, same, fully open. C, branching stamens. D, pistillate flower, entire. E, same, cut vertically. F, fruit. G, seed, entire, and cut vertically. H, Embryo.

Fig. 165, II.-Castor-oil Plant. A, staminate flower, just opening. B, same, fully open. C, branching stamens. D, pistillate flower, entire. E, same, cut vertically. F, fruit. G, seed, entire, and cut vertically. H, Embryo. (Baillon.)

Fig. 166. Club moss (Lycopodium clavatum, Club moss Family, Lycopodiaceoe). 1, plant in fruit. 2, spore case, with the scale like leaf which bears it. 3, spores, highly magnified. (Wossidlo.) A creeping evergreen with somewhat moss like leaves, and stem attaining a length of 1 m. or more; spore bearing cones yellowish; spores sulphur yellow. Native home, Northern America and Eurasia.

Fig. 166.-Club-moss (Lycopodium clavatum, Club-moss Family, Lycopodiaceoe). 1, plant in "fruit." 2, spore-case, with the scale-like leaf which bears it. 3, spores, highly magnified. (Wossidlo.)-A creeping evergreen with somewhat moss-like leaves, and stem attaining a length of 1 m. or more; spore-bearing cones yellowish; spores sulphur-yellow. Native home, Northern America and Eurasia.

Fig. 167. Sweet flag (Acorus Calamus, Arum Family, Aracea). A, plant in flower, much reduced. B, flower cluster, natural size. C, flower, with perianth spread, 4/1. D, floral diagram. E, ovary, cut vertically, 11/1, E, ovule, much enlarged. (Luerssen.) Perennial herb about 60 cm. tall; flowers greenish; fruit fleshy, reddish. Native to North America and Europe.

Fig. 167.-Sweet-flag (Acorus Calamus, Arum Family, Aracea). A, plant in flower, much reduced. B, flower-cluster, natural size. C, flower, with perianth spread, 4/1. D, floral diagram. E, ovary, cut vertically, 11/1, E, ovule, much enlarged. (Luerssen.)-Perennial herb about 60 cm. tall; flowers greenish; fruit fleshy, reddish. Native to North America and Europe.

Fig. 168, I. Asafetida Plant (Ferula assa foetida, Parsley Family, Umbelliferoe). Plant in flower, and part of leaf. (Baillon.) Perennial herb growing about 2 3 m. tall, with a milky juice of fetid odor; leaves bluish green; flowers pale yellow; fruit reddish brown. Native home, Southwestern Asia.

Fig. 168, I.-Asafetida Plant (Ferula assa-foetida, Parsley Family, Umbelliferoe). Plant in flower, and part of leaf. (Baillon.)-Perennial herb growing about 2-3 m. tall, with a milky juice of fetid odor; leaves bluish green; flowers pale yellow; fruit reddish brown. Native home, Southwestern Asia.

Fig. 168, II. Saffron Crocus (Crocus sativus, Iris Family, Iridaceoe). Plant in flower. Same, cut vertically, Style and stigmas. (Baillon.) Perennial herb about 15 25 cm. tall; leaves hairy on the edge; flowers lilac or white, with style branches bright red, appearing in autumn; fruit dry. Native home, Asia Minor.

Fig. 168, II.-Saffron Crocus (Crocus sativus, Iris Family, Iridaceoe). Plant in flower. Same, cut vertically, Style and stigmas. (Baillon.)- Perennial herb about 15-25 cm. tall; leaves hairy on the edge; flowers lilac or white, with style-branches bright red, appearing in autumn; fruit dry. Native home, Asia Minor.