Haemorrhophilis - Habitual Hemorrhage - depends, so far as we at present know, upon a preternaturally delicate and vulnerable structure of the coats of the vessels, coupled with a thin, watery, condition of the blood.

Hemorrhage greatly varies in intensity. Its character is to be estimated not merely by the quantity of blood thrown out either externally or into internal cavities and canals, nor by the degree of anaemia that follows, but also, where the parenchyma of organs is its seat, by the anatomical condition in which we find the diseased parenchyma. In slight hemorrhage, the texture appears here and there dotted or streaked with extravasated blood, - Capillary apoplexy. As the hemorrhage increases, these dots or streaks become more crowded, the parenchyma, more turgid, until its interstices and cavities having at length become uniformly surcharged with blood, it appears throughout red. Or, where the blood has become coagulated, the rough texture seems as if converted into a blood placenta, whilst a diminished coherence of its molecules, and numberless lesions of continuity have rendered it friable, easily torn [mucous membrane, lung]. Such is the condition of the denser, more resisting textures; in those of a more lax nature, or where the hemorrhage has been sudden and violent, the texture is completely swamped and crushed into a red pulp of various shades, or else more or less laceration of texture has taken place, and the gap so occasioned become the recipient for the extravasated blood - apoplectic foyer.

The extravasated blood varies in deportment according as it is circumstanced subsequently to its extravasation. Certain influences cause it to undergo rapid and unusual changes: for example, in the stomach and intestines, black coloration and liquefaction of its fibrin, through the influence of gastric and enteric acid.

Blood poured out into cavities and canals, or into textures, is either fluid or in various phases of coagulation. Of these phases, coagulation with central or peripheral encysting separation of fibrin is the most important, owing to the increased impediment which it offers to the process of absorption.

The immediate effects of hemorrhage, besides the anaemia consequent upon great effusion, either out of the body, or into its cavities, are lesion of continuity in textures, in the shape of the swamping, crushing, or extensive laceration before referred to - impaired or destroyed function, paralysis of the organ affected - cerebral, muscular hemorrhage, A less immediate effect is the inflammation of surrounding textures, occasioned by actual injury, and by the irritation of the extravasated fluid, as a foreign body, with eventual organization of the products effused, callous condensation of the nether layer, and capsular isolation of the hemorrhagic clot. Inflammation, resulting in purulent and ichorous products, in parts broken up by hemorrhage, is of rarer occurrence.

Hemorrhage is both in itself, and in its results, of significance commensurate with the importance of the organ affected.

The cure of hemorrhage is a process simple or complex in a degree corresponding to the amount of blood effused, to its character as coagu-lable fluid, and to the extent of the injury suffered by the parenchyma.

Slight hemorrhage is readily cured through resorption of the effused fluid, enabling the distended textures to recover their resiliency. The liberated red pigment, however, frequently resists absorption, even in slight hemorrhage, remaining strewn, for the most part in a state of minute molecular dispersion, over membranous formations, or between the elementary parts of a texture, as a brown or black pigment.